Genuine-spec touchpad flex cable for MacBook Pro 13″ (Model A2289, 2020, Intel)—restores full Force Touch functionality, haptic feedback, and preci multi-touch gesture control. OEM-quality replacement for damaged or faulty original cables. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 13-inch (2020, Four Thunderbolt Ports, Model A2289, Model Identifier MacBookPro16,2) with Intel Core i5/i7 processors. Part Type: Touchpad flex cable only — does not include the trackpad housing, Taptic Engine, or mounting hardware. This is the OEM-style ribbon cable that connects the trackpad to the logic board. Function: Transmits: Touch input coordinates Force Touch pressure data Haptic feedback signals to the Taptic Engine Enables full macOS gesture support: Force Click, three-finger lookup, swipe navigation, pinch-to-zoom, and smooth cursor tracking. Touch input coordinates Force Touch pressure data Haptic feedback signals to the Taptic Engine Enables full macOS gesture support: Force Click, three-finger lookup, swipe navigation, pinch-to-zoom, and smooth cursor tracking. OEM-Quality Build: Matches Apple’s original specifications in: Cable length and routing path Connector pitch and ZIF latch design EMI shielding and flex durability Cable length and routing path Connector pitch and ZIF latch design EMI shielding and flex durability Common Use Cases: Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is unusable Fixing: Intermittent or erratic trackpad behavior Loss of Force Touch or haptic feedback Complete trackpad unresponsiveness Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is unusable Fixing: Intermittent or erratic trackpad behavior Loss of Force Touch or haptic feedback Complete trackpad unresponsiveness Intermittent or erratic trackpad behavior Loss of Force Touch or haptic feedback Complete trackpad unresponsiveness Installation Note: Requires full bottom case removal and battery disconnection. Cable routes under internal components (speaker, logic board)—must follow original path. Connects via ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket—align carefully, never force. Recommended for experienced or certified technicians only. Requires full bottom case removal and battery disconnection. Cable routes under internal components (speaker, logic board)—must follow original path. Connects via ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket—align carefully, never force. Recommended for experienced or certified technicians only. Important Compatibility Notes: ✅ Only for A2289 (13″, 4 Thunderbolt ports, 2020, Intel) ❌ Not compatible with: A2251 (2 Thunderbolt ports, 2020) A2338 (M1 MacBook Pro, 2020) Any MacBook Air or 14″/16″ MacBook Pro ✅ Only for A2289 (13″, 4 Thunderbolt ports, 2020, Intel) ❌ Not compatible with: A2251 (2 Thunderbolt ports, 2020) A2338 (M1 MacBook Pro, 2020) Any MacBook Air or 14″/16″ MacBook Pro A2251 (2 Thunderbolt ports, 2020) A2338 (M1 MacBook Pro, 2020) Any MacBook Air or 14″/16″ MacBook Pro
Acer KA222Q Widescreen LCD Monitor The entry-level KA2 series provide a superb user experience and don’t compromise on quality. With a choice of display size and a ZeroFrame design it is ideal for use in homes and offices. Whether it’s running productivity apps or playing games this monitor has it all. Specifications: Acer KA222Q Widescreen LCD Monitor 1 Year Warranty
View Sonic Monitor VA2432-h 24” 1080p IPS Monitor HDMI and VGA Input SuperClear® IPS Technology for rich colors at wide angles 75Hz Refresh rate delivers fluid visuals Eye-Care technology for comfortable viewing Eco-mode for low energy consumption Superior ViewMode color rendering options VESA wall-mountable Specifications: View Sonic Monitor VA2432-h 24” 1080p IPS Monitor HDMI and VGA Input SuperClear® IPS Technology for rich colors at wide angles 75Hz Refresh rate delivers fluid visuals Eye-Care technology for comfortable viewing 1 Year Warranty
Replacement Audio Board with IPD Cable for MacBook Air M1 2020 (A2337). Compatible with part numbers 820-01929-A, 821-03452-A, 923-03672, 923-03663, and more. Ideal for fixing audio issues, headphone jack problems, or sound board failures. The Audio Board with IPD Cable for MacBook Air (M1, 2020) is a high-quality replacement spare part designed to restore proper sound functionality on MacBook Air A2337 models. If your MacBook is experiencing no sound output, headphone jack issues, distorted audio, or audio board failure, this replacement board provides a reliable solution. It includes the required IPD cable for proper installation and connection, making it ideal for professional repairs and technician use. Replacement Audio Board + IPD Cable for MacBook Air M1 Fixes audio issues such as no sound, headphone jack failure, or audio distortion Includes IPD cable for correct connection and repair High-quality build for stable and long-term performance Ideal for technicians, repair shops, and spare part replacement Compatible with multiple Apple part numbers for easy matching ✔ MacBook Air (M1, 2020) A2337 Compatible only with MacBook Air A2337 (M1, 2020). Please match your device model and part number before ordering to ensure correct fit.
AOC 27G4 27-inch 180Hz gaming monitor delivers fast and responsive performance for competitive gameplay. It focuses on smooth motion, low latency, and reliable visual clarity for daily gaming. Additionally, it features a 27-inch IPS panel with Full HD resolution (1920 × 1080). This panel provides consistent colors and wide viewing angles, so it improves both gaming and general use. Moreover, the monitor supports a 180Hz refresh rate with 1ms GtG response time. As a result, it delivers smooth motion and reduces blur during fast-paced scenes. The display also includes 0.5ms MPRT technology. Therefore, it minimizes ghosting and improves motion clarity in competitive games. In addition, it supports Adaptive Sync and G-SYNC compatibility. This reduces screen tearing and stuttering, so gameplay remains stable and responsive. Furthermore, it includes HDR10 support and Low Input Lag mode. These features enhance image quality and improve reaction speed during gameplay. The design features a three-sided frameless layout with HDMI and DisplayPort connectivity. It also supports VESA mounting for flexible setup options. AOC 27G4 27-inch 180Hz gaming monitor provides smooth performance, fast response, and essential features for competitive and everyday gaming. Specifications: 27-inch IPS panel with Full HD 1920 × 1080 resolution 180Hz refresh rate for ultra-smooth gameplay 1ms GtG response time with 0.5ms MPRT support Adaptive Sync and G-SYNC compatible technology HDR10 support with low input lag mode
The Samsung 55″ QLED 4K Q8F Vision AI Smart TV QA55Q8FAAUXTW delivers a premium viewing experience with advanced QLED display technology. It produces bright, sharp, and colorful images, so movies, sports, and games look clear and immersive on the 55-inch screen. QLED technology uses Quantum Dot enhancement to improve brightness and color accuracy. As a result, visuals appear more vibrant and balanced in both dark and bright scenes. This helps maintain consistent picture quality across different types of content and lighting conditions. Vision AI enhances picture and sound in real time. It analyzes each scene and automatically adjusts brightness, sharpness, and color for optimal results. Therefore, the TV consistently delivers improved visuals without manual tuning. In addition, AI upscaling improves lower-resolution content closer to 4K quality for better clarity and detail. HDR support expands contrast and color depth, making visuals more dynamic and lifelike. Fast motion handling also improves clarity, which enhances sports and action content by reducing blur and improving smoothness. The Smart TV platform provides easy access to streaming apps, gaming features, and smart home controls. It runs smoothly and allows quick switching between applications. In addition, the slim design with thin bezels gives the Samsung 55 QLED 4K Q8F Vision AI Smart TV QA55Q8FAAUXTW a modern and premium appearance suitable for any living space. Overall, this Samsung QLED TV combines strong brightness performance, AI optimization, and smart connectivity for a powerful home entertainment experience. Specifications: QLED technology delivers bright, sharp, and colorful visuals 55-inch 4K display provides immersive viewing experience Vision AI optimizes picture and sound automatically in real time HDR improves contrast, brightness, and color depth Smart TV platform supports apps, streaming, and smart features
In the realm of monitors, the ViewSonic VA2201-H stands out as a reliable and clear solution, offering a perfect blend of visual excellence and simplicity for an enhanced viewing experience. Transitioning to its key features, the VA2201-H excels in providing crystal-clear visuals. This monitor is designed to deliver sharp and vibrant images, ensuring a visually engaging experience for work or entertainment. Moreover, this display impresses with its sleek and minimalistic design. The ViewSonic VA2201-H not only enhances the aesthetics of your workspace but also ensures straightforward setup, making it an ideal choice for users seeking simplicity. In addition to its functionality, the VA2201-H offers user-friendly controls and connectivity options, ensuring a hassle-free experience. This monitor seamlessly adapts to various settings, providing flexibility for different viewing preferences. Furthermore, ViewSonic’s commitment to user satisfaction is evident in the VA2201-H’s energy-efficient design and eye-care technology. It’s a reliable companion for extended viewing periods without compromising on visual quality. In conclusion, the ViewSonic VA2201-H redefines clarity and simplicity, combining clear visuals, sleek design, and user-friendly features. Elevate your viewing experience effortlessly with the VA2201-H – your clear and straightforward solution for visual excellence! Specifications Full HD 1080p 100Hz Refresh Rate 1ms Response Time Flicker-Free & Blue Light Filter View Mode: Game/Movie/Web/Text/Mono Inputs : HDMI/VGA Check other options here!
Genuine-spec touchpad flex cable for MacBook Pro 16″ (Model A2159, 2019, Intel)—essential for restoring full Force Touch functionality, haptic feedback, and precise trackpad responsiveness during repair or replacement. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 16-inch (2019, Model A2159) with Intel Core i7/i9 processors (Model Identifier: MacBookPro16,1). Part Type: Touchpad flex cable only—does not include the trackpad, Taptic Engine, or mounting hardware. This is the OEM-style ribbon cable that connects the trackpad to the logic board. Function: Transmits touch input, Force Touch pressure data, and haptic feedback signals—critical for macOS gestures (e.g., Force Click, three-finger swipe, pinch-to-zoom) and Taptic Engine operation. OEM-Quality Build: Matches Apple’s original flex circuit in length, connector pitch, shielding, and bend radius—ensures reliable signal integrity and durability under repeated use. Common Use Cases: Replacing a torn, frayed, or corroded original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is damaged Fixing intermittent or unresponsive trackpad behavior caused by cable failure Replacing a torn, frayed, or corroded original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is damaged Fixing intermittent or unresponsive trackpad behavior caused by cable failure Installation Note: Requires full bottom case removal and careful routing beneath the battery and logic board. Connectors use ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) sockets—must be properly aligned and latched without force. Recommended for certified or experienced technicians only.
Samsung Odyssey OLED G8 G81SF 240Hz Monitor delivers premium visuals and ultra-smooth performance for high-end gaming. It features a 27-inch 4K QD-OLED display with sharp detail and deep contrast. As a result, every scene looks vivid and realistic during gameplay. Moreover, the QD-OLED panel enhances color accuracy and brightness. It supports VESA DisplayHDR True Black 400 for deeper blacks and better contrast. In addition, Glare Free technology reduces reflections, which helps maintain focus in bright environments. Furthermore, the 240Hz refresh rate and 0.03ms response time deliver fast and fluid motion. This ensures smooth gameplay with minimal blur. AMD FreeSync Premium Pro also reduces tearing and stutter for stable performance. Finally, Samsung Odyssey OLED G8 G81SF 240Hz Monitor includes OLED Safeguard+ features to manage heat and reduce burn-in risk. It also offers an ergonomic stand with tilt, swivel, and pivot adjustments. Therefore, users enjoy both comfort and long-term reliability. Specifications: 27-inch 4K (3840×2160) QD-OLED display with sharp detail and deep contrast 240Hz refresh rate with ultra-fast 0.03ms response time for smooth gameplay VESA DisplayHDR True Black 400 for enhanced contrast and color depth Glare Free technology reduces reflections for better visibility AMD FreeSync Premium Pro for tear-free and stable gaming performance
PCE M8-700 UPS (line-interactive) — 700 VA / 360 W backup unit for 220–240 V input. Protects PCs, routers, small electronics from outages and voltage swings. The PCE M8-700 is a line-interactive UPS designed for home or small office use. It provides backup power, voltage regulation (AVR), surge protection, and supports automatic switching during outages. Ideal for desktop PCs, network gear, monitors, or point-of-sale systems. Features & Capabilities Line-interactive topology: regulates input voltage without switching to battery when voltage fluctuates mildly. Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) to correct undervolt/overvolt conditions. Simulated (stepped) sine wave output in battery mode. Surge, overload, short circuit, discharge protections built in. Cold start capability (ability to power on from battery with no mains) LED + audible alarms for status (battery mode, overload, fault) USB / RS232 interface in some variants for power management (shutdown, monitoring) Technical Specifications What “Input 220–240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 3.7 A” Means (and Caveats) If the specification you’re giving is “3.7 A” at input, that corresponds to a maximum input current draw when the UPS is handling a heavy load or during charging cycles. At 230 V × 3.7 A ≈ 850 W of input capacity. The unit’s 360 W output means there’s overhead for losses, inverter inefficiency, battery charging, etc. The UPS must operate within the stated voltage and frequency ranges — if input is too low or too high, it may switch to battery or go into protection mode.
Micro Omnidirectionnel CANDC DC-C2 Camescope Candc DC-C2 Lavalier Dual Head Mic Buy Online in Qatar, record high quality sounds using this branded duel mic. Candc DC-C2 is a Dual Omnidirectional lavalier microphone, designed for Smartphones, DSLR, Camcorders, Audio recorders PC, etc. PRODUCT DETAILS OF CANDC DC-C2 LAVALIER COLLAR MICROPHONE FOR CANON NIKON DSLR CAMCORDER
The Xiaomi TV A 55 2026 delivers sharp 4K visuals ideal for movies, shows, and streaming. Its 55-inch display fills your space with rich detail and vibrant colors. The 3840×2160 resolution brings sharp textures and clear images. This creates a cinematic feel right at home. Moreover, the Xiaomi TV A 55 2026 supports HDR formats such as HDR10 and HLG for improved contrast and lifelike scenes. Bright areas shine, and darks stay deep. This helps scenes look more realistic in films and series. In addition, this model benefits from motion-smoothing via MEMC technology. Fast scenes in sports or action movies stay smooth and fluid. This reduces blur and keeps motion clean. As a result, viewing remains comfortable and enjoyable. Furthermore, the Xiaomi TV A 55 2026 runs on a smart platform powered by Google TV. You can access streaming apps, cast content, or browse channels easily. Also, the TV features dual 10 W speakers with Dolby Audio and DTS-X sound support. Audio comes out clear, balanced, and immersive. In addition, connectivity options include multiple HDMI ports, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Ethernet support. This gives flexibility for consoles, streaming devices, or external drives. Setup remains hassle-free for many use cases. Overall, the Xiaomi TV A 55 2026 offers a strong balance of quality, smart features, and ease of use. It works well for entertainment, streaming, and everyday viewing. This TV is ideal for users seeking a 55″ 4K display with modern smart features at a reasonable price. Specifications: Resolution 4K, 3840 × 2160 Refresh rate 60Hz Speaker 2 x 10W Dimensions including base (L × W × H) 1226*312*770mm Dimensions not including base (L × W × H) 1226*76*711mm CPU Quad cortex A55 GPU Mali-G52 MC1 RAM 2GB ROM 8GB
The Lenovo Legion 27Q-10 27″ 2K 240Hz Gaming Monitor delivers crisp visuals with great detail for gaming and work. Its 2K resolution offers sharp images that make games, videos, and work look clear. The 27-inch display gives you enough space to enjoy immersive scenes and multitask comfortably. Moreover, the Lenovo Legion 27Q-10 27″ 2K 240Hz Gaming Monitor features a fast 240Hz refresh rate. This high refresh rate makes motion smooth and fluid. Fast scenes, competitive matches, and rapid movements look clean and responsive. This helps you react quicker and play better. In addition, the monitor uses a panel that shows bright, accurate colors across wide viewing angles. Colors stay consistent whether you view from the center or an angle. This makes games, media, and creative work feel vivid and natural. It improves both gameplay and content display. Furthermore, the Lenovo Legion 27Q-10 27″ 2K 240Hz Gaming Monitor has low input lag for quick response. Controls feel sharp and precise. This enhances gameplay performance, especially in competitive games. It also helps with editing or design tasks that need accuracy. Also, the monitor includes eye-care features to reduce strain during long use sessions. Flicker-free technology reduces flicker, and a blue light filter gives extra comfort. This protects your eyes during long gaming or work periods. This makes the monitor ideal for long sessions. The design of the Lenovo Legion 27Q-10 27″ 2K 240Hz Gaming Monitor is sleek and modern. The thin bezels give it a clean, minimalist look. The stand is strong and stable. It fits well in gaming rooms, workspaces, or creative desks. Overall, the Lenovo Legion 27Q-10 27″ 2K 240Hz Gaming Monitor combines clarity, speed, and comfort for gaming and productivity. It improves performance, visuals, and long-term comfort. This monitor is perfect for gamers, creators, and professionals seeking quality and speed. Specifications: Display : 27″ IPS Resolution : 2560x1440p Refresh Rate : 240Hz Response Time : 0.5ms
Speaker Specifications Feature Value Feature Value Input/Output USB Battery Capacity (mAh) 2000 Maximum Wireless Range (m) 10m-20m Touch Screen No Sound Mode Immersive, Stereo, Live, Standard Category Speakers Use HOME Bluetooth Version 5.1 Input Power (W) 50-99W Voice Control No Frequency Range 100Hz-20KHz Display Screen No Waterproof Yes Support APP No Support Memory Card Yes Playback Function Radio, MP3 Remote Control No Intelligent Personal Assistant None Display Screen No Audio Crossover Full-Range Number of Loudspeaker Enclosures 2 Power Source Battery Channels 1 Speaker Type Portable Communication USB Cabinet Material Plastic Brand Name HONOURSACY Origin Mainland China Function HiFi Sound Quality Function2 IPX6 Waterproof Function3 Support TWS Interconnection Function4 Portable Design Function5 80W High Power Function6 Long Endurance
Designed by Apple Deeper, richer bass tones Greater protection from sweat and water Control music and video playback Answer and end calls Works with all devices that have a Lightning connector and support iOS 10 or later, including iPod touch, iPad, and iPhone
The AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor delivers sharp visuals and ultra-smooth performance for gaming and media. Its 2K resolution shows crisp detail in games, videos, and creative work. The 27-inch panel gives you wide viewing space. This helps improve focus and immersion during gameplay. Moreover, the AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor features an ultra-fast 260 Hz refresh rate. Motion looks fluid and clear during fast action. This reduces blur and improves responsiveness. Every movement feels smooth and precise. In addition, the monitor offers a quick response time for accurate control. This helps reduce ghosting and keeps motion crisp. Gameplay feels responsive in competitive matches. This improves performance when you need speed. Furthermore, the AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor uses a high-quality panel with rich, vibrant colors. Images stay vivid and consistent from wide angles. This makes movies and games look more engaging. Visual quality stays impressive. Also, the monitor supports adaptive sync technology for tear-free gameplay. This keeps frames smooth when GPU frame rates fluctuate. Tearing and stutter decrease significantly. This improves the overall gaming experience. In addition, the AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor includes HDMI and DisplayPort connections for flexible setup. You can connect PC, consoles, and media devices easily. Setup stays simple and quick. Connectivity helps everyday use. Moreover, the design features slim bezels for a clean, modern look. The monitor fits well in gaming setups and multi-screen layouts. This saves desk space and improves style. Furthermore, the AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor offers adjustable stand settings for tilt, height, and comfort. You can set your view for long sessions. Comfort matters in extended gaming. Overall, the AOC Q27G3ZN 27″ 2K 260Hz Gaming Monitor delivers outstanding clarity, fast refresh, and smooth gameplay. It enhances competitive play and entertainment alike. This monitor is perfect for gamers and users who want speed, vivid visuals, and precise performance. Check out other option here! Specifications: Display : 27″ Fast IPS Resolution : 2560 x 1440 (QHD) Refresh Rate : 260Hz Response Rate : 0.5ms
The Acer V226HQL widescreen LCD monitor offers reliable everyday performance for home and office use. It features a 21.5‑inch display with clear visuals and wide viewing angles, making it suitable for work, school tasks, or streaming content. As a result, you can enjoy crisp text and vibrant colors without strain. In addition, the monitor provides fast response times for smooth motion during videos and light gaming. Furthermore, its slim profile and narrow bezels help maximize screen space while fitting easily into most desk setups. The monitor also includes key connectivity options, so you can connect laptops, desktops, and media players quickly and without extra adapters. Overall, the Acer V226HQL balances essential features with dependable visual performance. Therefore, it is a smart choice for users seeking an affordable and functional widescreen display for everyday computing. Specifications: 21.5‑inch widescreen LCD display for clear visuals Fast response time for smooth motion Slim profile with narrow bezels Essential connectivity for multiple devices Reliable everyday performance for home and office use
A1707 Battery Replacement, A1820 Battery for MacBook Pro 15″ (Late 2016, Mid 2017) Touch Bar EMC 3072 EMC 3162 MLH32 MLH42 MLW72 MLW82 MPTR2 MPTT2 MLH52 MLW92 MPTU2 MPTV2 MPTW2 MPTX2 Specification】Voltage: 11.4V. Capacity: 76Wh 6667mAh. Battery Type: Li-ion. Condition: Brand new, from high quality materials, top circuit boards and smart chip. 【Compatible Part Number】A1820, A1707, A1707(EMC 3072), A1707(EMC 3162), 020-01728, MacBookPro13,3 , MacBookPro14,3. 【Compatible Laptop Models】MacBook Pro 15-Inch (Late 2016) & (Mid 2017) Model A1707 with touch bar, fit for MLH32LL/A MLH42LL/A MLH52LL/A MLW92LL/A MPTU2LL/A MPTV2LL/A MPTR2LL/A MPTT2LL/A MPTW2LL/A MPTX2LL/A MLW72LL/A MLW82LL/A. 【Note】The tools are included. Double-sided tape is attached to the back of the battery or double-sided tape is included in the package. But No battery installation instruction. The MBP battery is difficult to disassemble, we suggest you search for related installation videos on the Internet or find a technician for help.
The Samsung 85″ Crystal UHD U8000F 4K Smart TV UA85U8000FUXTW uses a 3840 × 2160 (4K UHD) LCD panel designed for large-screen viewing. It focuses on screen size and basic 4K playback rather than advanced display features. It uses Samsung’s Crystal Processor 4K for image processing and upscaling. This processor converts lower-resolution video to near-4K output on the screen. It also supports HDR10 and HDR10+ for compatible content, which increases contrast range between bright and dark areas. The native refresh rate is 60 Hz. It includes Motion Xcelerator to reduce blur in fast motion scenes such as sports and games. The TV runs Samsung Tizen OS. This system provides access to streaming apps, web browsing, and SmartThings integration. It also supports voice assistants depending on region and setup. For connectivity, it includes HDMI ports, USB ports, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet LAN, and optical audio output. It also supports features like ALLM for basic gaming responsiveness. Overall, this model is a large 4K Crystal UHD TV focused on size, standard smart features, and basic HDR performance without local dimming or advanced gaming hardware. Specifications: 85-inch LCD panel with 3840 × 2160 4K UHD resolution Crystal Processor 4K with upscaling support HDR10 and HDR10+ compatibility 60 Hz native refresh rate with Motion Xcelerator Tizen OS with HDMI, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet connectivity
7CJRC Laptop Battery for Dell Latitude 7470 7270 E7270 E7470 Series 21X15 021X15 KNM09 0KNM09 TX283 0TX283 451-BBSW 451-BBWR 11.4V 42Wh 3-Cell About this item Battery type: Li-ion; Voltage: 11.4V; Capacity: 42Wh; Cells: 3-cell Compatible Models: Fit for Dell Latitude 7470 7270 E7470 E7270 Series Replace Part Numbers: 7CJRC KNM09 0KNM09 21X15 021X15 TX283 0TX283 451-BBSW 451-BBWR V6VMN 100% New from Manufacturer. Up to 500 recharge cycles over the life of the battery. The actual operation time will depend on how much electricity is required by the device and how you use it
