A compact and powerful pre-owned HP ProBook x360 435 G8 with 13.3" non-touch display, AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 16GB RAM, and 512GB SSD—offering strong performance and 360° versatility without touch, ideal for professionals and students on the go.
The MSI MAG 345CQRF E20 gaming monitor delivers an immersive ultrawide experience for demanding users. It features a large curved screen that improves focus and enhances gameplay. Therefore, players enjoy a wider field of view and better visual depth. Moreover, the near-4K resolution provides sharp details and clear image quality across the 34-inch panel. The Rapid VA panel ensures strong contrast and deep blacks for richer visuals. In addition, the 240Hz refresh rate enables ultra-smooth motion during fast-paced gaming. The fast response time helps reduce motion blur and improves clarity in action scenes. As a result, players gain better precision and faster reactions. Furthermore, the curved design increases comfort and keeps visuals consistent across the screen. In addition, adaptive sync technology minimizes screen tearing and stuttering for stable performance. The monitor also supports multiple input options, allowing easy connection to gaming systems and PCs. MSI MAG 345CQRF E20 monitor provides a powerful balance of speed and immersion. Specifications: 34-inch ultrawide curved display Near-4K resolution for detailed visuals 200Hz refresh rate for ultra-smooth gameplay Rapid VA panel with high contrast Adaptive sync support for tear-free performance
Genuine-spec keyboard replacement for MacBook Pro 13″ (Model A2251, 2020) — choose US QWERTY or UK QWERTY (with £ symbol). Features Apple’s reliable Magic Keyboard with scissor-switch mechanism, backlighting, and precise OEM fit. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 13-inch (2020, Two Thunderbolt Ports, Model A2251, Model Identifier MacBookPro16,1) with Intel Core i5/i7 processors. Layout Options (select at purchase): US Layout: Standard QWERTY with wide Enter key, @ above 2, # above 3, and full function row. UK Layout: QWERTY with £ symbol, tall vertical Enter key, @ accessed via right Alt, and UK-specific punctuation. US Layout: Standard QWERTY with wide Enter key, @ above 2, # above 3, and full function row. UK Layout: QWERTY with £ symbol, tall vertical Enter key, @ accessed via right Alt, and UK-specific punctuation. Keyboard Type: Apple’s Magic Keyboard with scissor-switch mechanism—offering improved durability, quieter typing, and 1mm key travel compared to Butterfly keyboards. Integrated Features: Full backlit keys for low-light environments Ambient light sensor support OEM-style flex cable pre-attached for direct connection to the logic board Full backlit keys for low-light environments Ambient light sensor support OEM-style flex cable pre-attached for direct connection to the logic board Precision Build: Engineered to match Apple’s exact dimensions, key spacing, and top-case curvature—ensures seamless visual and functional integration. Installation Note: The keyboard is factory-glued into the top case. Replacement requires full disassembly, careful adhesive removal, and professional re-adhesion. Recommended for experienced or certified repair technicians only.
In the landscape of monitors, the ViewSonic VX3218C-2K stands out as a cutting-edge solution, offering immersive visual brilliance and advanced features for an unparalleled viewing experience. Transitioning to its key features, the VX3218C-2K excels in providing a stunning 2K resolution. This monitor is designed to deliver crisp and detailed visuals, ensuring a visually captivating experience for work, gaming, or entertainment. Moreover, this display impresses with its sleek and modern design. The ViewSonic VX3218C-2K not only enhances the aesthetics of your workspace but also ensures a slim profile and minimal bezels, creating an immersive viewing environment. In addition to its functionality, the VX3218C-2K offers user-friendly controls and versatile connectivity options, ensuring a seamless and adaptable experience. This monitor effortlessly adapts to various settings, providing flexibility for different viewing preferences. Furthermore, ViewSonic’s commitment to user satisfaction is evident in the VX3218C-2K’s enhanced color technology and eye-care features. It’s a reliable companion for extended viewing sessions, offering both visual excellence and comfort. In conclusion, the ViewSonic VX3218C-2K redefines immersive brilliance, combining high-resolution visuals, sleek design, and user-friendly features. Elevate your viewing experience effortlessly with the VX3218C-2K – your gateway to an immersive and captivating visual journey! Specifications Curve : 1500R Refresh Rate : 165Hz Response Rate : 1ms Ultra-Fast Input Technology : AMD FreeSync Premium ViewMode: Game/Movie/Web/Text/Mono Speaker : 2W Dual Speakers Colors : HDR10 Input : HDMI
Logitech MK120 Wired USB Keyboard Mouse Desktop Combo Height: 6.10 in (155 mm) Width: 17.72 in (450 mm) Depth: 0.93 in (23.5 mm) Weight: 19.4 oz (550 g) Cable length: 4.9 ft (150 cm) Height: 4.45 in (113 mm) Width: 2.44 in (62 mm) Depth: 1.50 in (38 mm) Weight: 3.17 oz (90 g) Cable length: 70.87 in (180 cm) Spill-resistant design 1Tested under limited conditions (maximum of 60 ml liquid spillage). Do not immerse the keyboard in liquid. Adjustable keyboard height 10-Key Number pad Caps lock indicator light Num lock indicator light Up to 10 million keystrokes (excludes number lock key) Key type: Deep profile Sensor Technology: Optical tracking Number of Buttons: 3 (Left/Right-click, Middle click) Scrolling: line-by-line Scroll Wheel: Yes, optical Mouse plastics: 72% post-consumer recycled material 2Excludes plastic in cable assembly, printed wiring assembly (PWA) and packaging. Keyboard plastics: 54% post-consumer recycled material 3Excludes plastic in cable assembly, printed wiring assembly (PWA) and packaging. Windows® 10,11 or later Two available USB ports
The Asus TUF Gaming VG24VQER 24″ FHD 180Hz Curved Monitor offers smooth and responsive gameplay. It delivers sharp Full HD visuals with strong clarity. The curved screen pulls you into the action. This creates a more immersive gaming experience. Moreover, the Asus TUF Gaming 24″ FHD 180Hz Curved Monitor features a fast 180Hz refresh rate. This reduces motion blur during fast scenes. It also improves reaction time in competitive games. Every frame appears clean and stable. In addition, the monitor includes Adaptive Sync support. This helps remove screen tearing and stuttering. Your gameplay stays smooth even during heavy movement. This makes every moment feel more controlled. Furthermore, the Asus TUF Gaming VG24VQER 24″ FHD 180Hz Curved Monitor offers a curved VA panel. The colors look rich and deep on the screen. The contrast levels stay strong during dark scenes. This enhances your overall viewing quality. Also, the monitor features eye-care technology. It reduces blue light and screen flicker. This helps protect your eyes during long gaming hours. You can play or work more comfortably. The design of the Asus TUF Gaming 24″ FHD 180Hz Curved Monitor looks modern and clean. The stand feels stable and adjustable. You can tilt the screen for better viewing comfort. This makes it great for gaming desks and home setups. Overall, the Asus TUF Gaming VG24VQER 24″ FHD 180Hz Curved Monitor delivers smooth motion, bright visuals, and immersive gameplay. It offers strong performance for competitive players. It is an excellent option for gamers who want speed, comfort, and quality in one monitor. Specifications: Display : 24″ VA Resolution : FHD Refresh Rate : 180Hz Response Time : 1ms Curvature : 1500R
The ViewSonic VX2476-smhd 24″ 75Hz Monitor offers stunning visuals and smooth performance for both work and play. Its sleek and modern design adds a touch of elegance to any workspace. With a 24-inch Full HD display, the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd delivers crisp and vibrant images. Whether you’re watching movies, editing photos, or browsing the web, you’ll enjoy a clear and immersive viewing experience. The 75Hz refresh rate ensures smooth and fluid motion, reducing screen tearing and stuttering. This makes the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd perfect for gaming and fast-paced videos, providing a seamless experience. Designed with an ultra-thin bezel, the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd maximizes screen space and minimizes distractions. This makes it ideal for multi-monitor setups, allowing you to expand your workspace effortlessly. The ViewSonic VX2476-smhd features advanced IPS technology, ensuring accurate and consistent colors from every angle. This is perfect for collaborative work and shared viewing experiences, as everyone sees the same high-quality image. Connectivity is simple and versatile with the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd. It includes HDMI, DisplayPort, and VGA inputs, making it compatible with a wide range of devices, from computers to gaming consoles. In conclusion, the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd 24″ 75Hz Monitor combines stunning visuals, smooth performance, and sleek design for an exceptional viewing experience. Upgrade to the ViewSonic VX2476-smhd today and transform your digital world. Specifications: Display : 24″ IPS Resolution : FHD 1920 x 1080 Refresh Rate : 75Hz Response Rate : 4ms
The Asus VP228HE 22″ 60Hz Gaming Monitor is designed for gamers who want smooth visuals and fast response times. It offers a great balance of performance and affordability for casual and competitive players. This gaming monitor features a 22-inch Full HD display with a 1920 x 1080 resolution. The screen delivers sharp visuals with vibrant colors, enhancing your gaming experience. The 60Hz refresh rate ensures smooth motion in fast-paced games. With a 1ms response time, the Asus VP228HE reduces motion blur and ghosting. This makes gameplay more responsive, giving you an advantage in action-packed games. The monitor also includes ASUS GamePlus technology with crosshair and timer functions for better accuracy. The Asus VP228HE 22″ 60Hz Gaming Monitor features ASUS Eye Care technology. It includes a flicker-free display and a blue light filter to reduce eye strain. You can game for longer periods without discomfort. For connectivity, this monitor includes HDMI and VGA ports, making it compatible with gaming consoles, PCs, and laptops. It provides flexibility for different gaming setups. The built-in speakers deliver clear sound, eliminating the need for external speakers. The gaming monitor has a sleek and compact design that fits any setup. It is lightweight and easy to adjust, ensuring comfortable viewing angles. The durable build ensures long-lasting performance. If you need a reliable and affordable gaming monitor, the Asus VP228HE 22″ 60Hz Gaming Monitor is a great choice. It delivers smooth visuals, fast response times, and eye care features for comfortable gaming. Specifications: Display : 22″ TN Resolution : 1920×1080 Refresh Rate : 60Hz Response Rate : 1ms Speaker : 1.5W x2
RAM CRUCIAL 8GB 2666 DDR4 NOTEBOOK About this item Improve your system’s responsiveness, run apps faster and multitask with ease Good Quality with a high end Crucial RAM CB8GS2666 8GB DDR4 2666 MHz Laptop Memory Easy to use
HP LaserJet 179fnw is a compact color laser multifunction printer that offers printing, scanning, copying, and faxing in one device. With Wi-Fi wireless printing, fast performance, and high-quality color output, it is suitable for small offices, home offices, and business use.
Genuine-spec touchpad flex cable for MacBook Pro 16″ (Model A2141, 2019, Intel)—essential for restoring full Force Touch functionality, haptic feedback, and precise multi-touch gesture control during trackpad repair or replacement. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 16-inch (2019, Model A2141) with Intel Core i7/i9 processors (Model Identifier: MacBookPro16,1) (Note: A2141 is the non-base configuration of the 2019 16″ MacBook Pro—typically higher-end Intel models.) Part Type: Touchpad flex cable only—does not include the trackpad housing, Taptic Engine, or mounting hardware. This is the OEM-style ribbon cable that connects the trackpad to the logic board. Function: Transmits touch coordinates, Force Touch pressure data, and haptic feedback signals—critical for macOS gestures (e.g., Force Click, three-finger lookup, pinch-to-zoom) and Taptic Engine responsiveness. OEM-Quality Construction: Replicated to Apple’s exact specifications—including cable length, connector pitch, EMI shielding, and bend radius—ensuring reliable signal integrity and long-term durability. Common Use Cases: Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is compromised Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, loss of Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is compromised Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, loss of Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Installation Note: Requires full disassembly of the bottom case, speaker removal, and careful routing beneath the battery and logic board. Connectors use ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) sockets—must be aligned and latched gently. Recommended for certified or professional repair technicians only. Important: This is flex cable only—not a complete trackpad assembly. Must be used with the original or compatible A2141 trackpad and Taptic Engine. Not compatible with M1 MacBook Pro 16″ (A2485), 14″ models (A2442), or any MacBook Air. This is flex cable only—not a complete trackpad assembly. Must be used with the original or compatible A2141 trackpad and Taptic Engine. Not compatible with M1 MacBook Pro 16″ (A2485), 14″ models (A2442), or any MacBook Air. Model Verification: Confirm your device is MacBook Pro A2141 (16″, 2019, Intel) via > About This Mac > Model Identifier (should read MacBookPro16,1).
The LG 32GN600-B 32″ Monitor delivers clear and smooth visuals for gaming and everyday use.It features a 32-inch QHD display with sharp details and vibrant colors. Moreover, its high refresh rate ensures fluid motion in fast-paced games and videos. This monitor uses a VA panel for strong contrast and wide viewing angles. Additionally, the fast response time reduces blur and ghosting during competitive gaming. The anti-glare screen helps minimize reflections in bright environments. HDMI and DisplayPort inputs allow easy connection to PCs, laptops, and gaming consoles. Furthermore, tilt adjustment helps you find a comfortable viewing angle for long sessions. Low blue light and flicker-free technologies reduce eye strain during extended use. This display is ideal for gamers, streamers, and home users alike. Therefore, it supports competitive gaming, media streaming, and productivity tasks. Finally, it combines sharp visuals, fast performance, and comfort features for daily use. Specifications: Screen Size: 32″ QHD VA panel Resolution: 2560 × 1440 Refresh Rate: High for smooth motion Ports: HDMI + DisplayPort Features: Anti-glare, low blue light, flicker-free eye care
Apple MacBook Pro 16" A2141 2019 Logic Board i7 2.6GHz 16GB 512GB 4GB VGA Apple MacBook Pro 16″ A2141 2019 Logic Board i7 2.6GHz 16GB 512GB 4GB VGA Intel 2.6 GHz Six Core i7-9th gen 16 GB RAM 512 GB SSD AMD RADEON PRO 5300M 4GB Intel UHD Graphics 630 Intel 2.6 GHz Six Core i7-9th gen 16 GB RAM 512 GB SSD AMD RADEON PRO 5300M 4GB Intel UHD Graphics 630
The ViewSonic XG2709A 27″ 240Hz Gaming Monitor is built for competitive gamers who need top-tier performance and responsiveness. With a blazing 240Hz refresh rate, it delivers ultra-smooth visuals in every frame. A 1ms MPRT response time ensures fast and accurate performance, helping reduce motion blur and ghosting during intense action. The Full HD resolution brings sharp details, making it perfect for gaming and daily use. Its SuperClear® IPS panel offers wide viewing angles and rich, vibrant colors. This means no matter where you sit, your screen will always look great. The ViewSonic XG2709A 27″ 240Hz Gaming Monitor features AMD FreeSync™ technology, which eliminates screen tearing and stuttering for smooth, uninterrupted gameplay. HDR10 support brings better brightness and contrast to your visuals, making dark scenes deeper and bright scenes more vivid and clear. It gives games and videos more depth and realism. Multiple input options like HDMI and DisplayPort let you connect to PCs, gaming consoles, and other devices with ease. A 3.5mm audio out port is also available for external speakers or headphones. The stand is fully adjustable, offering tilt, swivel, height, and pivot functions to keep you comfortable. It’s also VESA compatible for wall or arm mounting. Its anti-glare screen reduces reflections, making long gaming sessions easier on your eyes. The sleek, modern design fits into any setup with ease. In conclusion, the ViewSonic XG2709A 27″ 240Hz Gaming Monitor offers speed, comfort, and vibrant visuals, making it a top choice for serious gamers. Specifications: Display : 27″ IPS Resolution : 1920 x 1080 FHD Refresh Rate : 240Hz Response Rate : 1ms MPRT Height Adjust (mm): 130
REMAX RB-M61 SPEAKER 5.4 CRIMSOY SERIES PORTABLE WIRELESS SPEAKER WITH LIGHTS (140W) Product name: RB-M61 Crimson Series Portable Wireless Speaker with Lights Wireless version: V5.4 Transmission distance: 12M Frequency response: 40HZ-18KHZ Impedance: 4O Rated power: 140W Battery capacity: 24000mAH Input: 5V 3A Drive unit: 103mm*2+57mm*2 Standby time: 6 months Playtime: 20h Product size: 343mm*120*244.3mm Product color: Black, Silver Charging time: 8 hours Product net weight: 4.56KG
product name : MSI G2712 27″ Gaming monitor IPS Panel – Optimize screen colors and brightness to enhance your viewing experience. 170Hz Refresh Rate – Respond faster with smoother frames. 1ms Response Time – Eliminate screen tearing and choppy frame rates. Wide Color Gamut – Game colors and details will look more realistic and refined. Night Vision – Smart black tuner to brighten your day by bringing out the fine details in dark areas. Frameless design – Enjoy the ultimate gaming experience with super narrow bezels. Anti-Flicker and Less Blue Light – Game even longer and prevent eye strain and fatigue. 178° Wide Viewing Angle – Colors and details will stay sharp at more angles with a 178° wide viewing angle. Visualize your victory with the MSI G2712 Esports gaming monitor. Equipped with a 1920×1080, 170hz Refresh rate, 1ms response time IPS panel, the G2712 will give you the competitive edge you need to take down your opponents. Built with AMD FreeSync Premium technology, the G2712 can match the display’s refresh rate with your GPU for ultra-smooth gameplay. Make sure you can hit your mark with all the latest technologies built-in the MSI Esports Gaming monitors for competitive play. IPS grade panel that produces no image distortion and minimum color shifts when viewed from different angles. Additionally, the IPS grade panel will offer clear images and instantly optimize screen color and brightness to ensure that you enjoy every scene at its best. Equipped with a 170hz refresh rate and 1ms response time IPS panel which has the benefit in fast moving game genres such as first person shooters , fighters, racing sims, real-time strategy, and sports. These type of games require fast and precise movements, which an refresh rate and fast response time monitor will put you ahead of your competition. The MSI Esports Gaming Monitor has more gamut coverage compared to general monitors. Gameplay colors and details will look more realistic and refined, to push immersion to its limits Whether your entire screen is dark, or just a few portions have heavy shadows. Let the world’s first smart black tuner brighten your day by bringing out the fine details in dark areas. With a super narrow bezel, enjoy the best immersion possible in the latest games with a multi-monitor 180 degree setup. Enjoy better continuity between screens while playing games, working, or general computing. Specifications: 27″ (69cm) 597.888(H)x336.312(V) Flat IPS 1920 x 1080 (FHD) 0.3114(H)x0.3114(V) 16:9 250 1year warranty manufacturer link
The AOC 24″ 180Hz Gaming Monitor is a top choice for gamers who want smooth, responsive gameplay. With its impressive 180Hz refresh rate, this monitor ensures that every action on screen is fluid and lag-free. Whether you’re playing fast-paced shooters or racing games, the high refresh rate provides an edge over competitors. Firstly this 24-inch monitor offers Full HD resolution, delivering sharp and clear images. The vibrant colors and crisp details make every game come to life. With its slim bezels, the screen offers an immersive experience, allowing you to focus fully on the action. Furthermore the AOC 24″ Gaming Monitor is equipped with AMD FreeSync technology. This reduces screen tearing and stuttering, resulting in smoother gameplay. It also features a fast response time, ensuring that every movement you make is reflected instantly on screen. Setting up the AOC 24″ 180Hz Gaming Monitor is simple. It supports both HDMI and DisplayPort connections, giving you flexibility in how you connect your gaming PC or console. The ergonomic stand allows you to adjust the height, tilt, and swivel to find the perfect viewing angle. This gaming monitor is built with durability in mind. It is designed to withstand long gaming sessions, offering comfort and stability throughout. The sleek design also complements any gaming setup, adding a modern touch to your desk. Upgrade your gaming experience with the AOC 24″ 180Hz Gaming Monitor. Its high refresh rate, fast response time, and vivid display make it an ideal choice for serious gamers. Specifications: Display : 23.8″ VA Resolution : 1920×1080 Refresh Rate : 180Hz Response Rate : 1ms
Looking to enhance your viewing setup? Look no further than the ViewSonic 24″ 75Hz Monitor VA2430-H-9. This monitor offers a perfect blend of performance and affordability. To begin with, enjoy crisp and clear visuals on the 24-inch screen. Whether you’re working on spreadsheets or watching movies, every detail comes to life with vibrant colors and sharp imagery. Transitioning to performance, the VA2430-H-9 boasts a smooth 75Hz refresh rate, ensuring fluid motion and reduced motion blur. Say goodbye to choppy visuals and hello to smooth scrolling and seamless gaming. Furthermore, the monitor’s slim and sleek design adds a touch of elegance to any workspace or gaming setup. Its narrow bezels maximize screen real estate, providing an immersive viewing experience without distractions. Moreover, with multiple connectivity options including HDMI and VGA ports, connecting to your favorite devices is a breeze. Switch between your PC, gaming console, and streaming devices effortlessly. In addition, the VA2430-H-9 features flicker-free technology and a blue light filter, reducing eye strain during extended viewing sessions. Stay comfortable and focused for longer periods without experiencing discomfort. In conclusion, the ViewSonic 24″ 75Hz Monitor VA2430-H-9 is a versatile and reliable choice for both work and entertainment. With its impressive performance, sleek design, and eye-care features, it’s a monitor that truly enhances your viewing experience. Upgrade your setup today and see the difference for yourself. Specifications: Display : 24″ VA Resolution : FHD (1920 x 1080) Refresh Rate : 75Hz Response Rate : 4ms GTG
Looking for a budget-friendly monitor that doesn’t compromise on quality? The Lenovo D19-10 18.5″ Monitor might be your perfect fit. Starting with its sleek design, this monitor seamlessly blends into any workspace. The 18.5″ display provides a crisp viewing experience without overwhelming your desk space. Transitioning to performance, the D19-10 ensures vibrant visuals with its high-definition resolution. Whether you’re working on spreadsheets or enjoying multimedia content, the clarity is impressive for its size. Connectivity is a breeze with multiple ports, including VGA and HDMI, offering versatility for various devices. Switch effortlessly between work and entertainment without the hassle of cable swapping. The monitor’s energy-efficient design not only reduces power consumption but also contributes to a greener environment. Enjoy a visually stunning display while being mindful of energy usage. Say goodbye to eye strain with the D19-10’s anti-glare technology. Whether you’re working long hours or binge-watching your favorite shows, the reduced glare enhances your viewing comfort. For those on a tight budget, the Lenovo D19-10 is a cost-effective choice. Its combination of sleek aesthetics, high-definition display, and user-friendly features makes it a standout in the affordable monitor category. In summary, the Lenovo D19-10 18.5″ Monitor offers a winning combination of affordability and performance. Upgrade your visual experience without breaking the bank—experience the brilliance today! Specifications: Display : 18.5″ Resolution : 1366×768 Refresh Rate : 60hz Response Time : 5ms
MSI Modern MD272XP Monitor Are you searching for a monitor that can help you level up your productivity, whether at work or in your home office? Look no further than the MSI Modern MD272XP monitor. It’s an efficient and feature-packed solution tailored to meet your professional needs. First and foremost, the MSI Modern MD272XP features a spacious 27-inch display, providing ample screen real estate for your tasks. Whether you’re working on documents, spreadsheets, or simply browsing the web, this monitor offers a comfortable and efficient workspace. In addition to its size, the monitor offers a crisp and clear Full HD resolution. This ensures that text, images, and videos are displayed with exceptional clarity, enhancing your overall viewing experience. Furthermore, the anti-glare technology incorporated into the monitor allows you to work for extended periods without straining your eyes. This feature remains effective even in well-lit environments, reducing potential discomfort. Connectivity is a breeze thanks to the HDMI and DisplayPort ports, accommodating various devices such as laptops and desktops. This flexibility ensures seamless transitions between work and personal tasks. The MSI Modern MD272XP features a sleek, modern design that seamlessly integrates into any office or home office setup, adding a touch of sophistication to your workspace. For ergonomic comfort, the monitor offers tilt adjustability. This feature enables you to find the perfect viewing angle for your specific needs, minimizing discomfort during extended work hours. Specifications: Screen Size : 27″ Resolution : 1920 x 1080 (FHD) Refresh Rate : 100Hz Response Time : 1ms (MPRT) / 4ms (GTG) Panel Type : IPS Viewing Angles : 178°(H) / 178°(V) Aspect Ratio : 16:9 Contrast Ratio : 1000:1
