LENOVO BATTERY L19M4PC0 Compatible for Lenovo Legion 5P-15IMH05 Legion 5-15IMH05 5-15ARH05 Series 5B10W86196 L19M4PC0 5B10W86195 L19M4PC1 5B10W86192 L19C4PC1 5B10W86194 Laptop Battery About this item 【Battery type】Li-ion. Voltage: 15.44V. Capacity: 60Wh 4000mAh . Compatible Models (use “Ctrl+F to find your model quickly”) Fit for Legion 5P-15IMH05 Series Fit for Legion 5P-15IMH05H Series Fit for Legion 5P-15ARH05H Series Fit for Legion 5-15IMH05 Series Fit for Legion 5-15IMH05H Series Fit for Legion 5-15ARH05 Series Fit for Legion 5-15ARH05H Series. .Replacement for Part Number: L19C4PC0 5B10W86196 L19M4PC0 5B10W86195 L19M4PC1 5B10W86192 L19C4PC1 5B10W86194.
The Lenovo 65W Round-Tip AC Adapter (AU) provides reliable and efficient power for compatible Lenovo laptops. Designed with a round-tip connector and Australian plug, it’s perfect as a replacement or travel charger. ⚡ 65W Power Output: Delivers stable and efficient charging for Lenovo laptops and notebooks. 🔌 Round-Tip Connector: Designed specifically for Lenovo models using the classic round charging port. 🇦🇺 AU Power Plug: Built for Australian power outlets — ideal for home, office, and travel use in AU regions. 👜 Compact & Portable: Lightweight design makes it easy to carry in a bag or backpack. 🔒 Safe Charging: Features over-voltage, over-current, and short-circuit protection. 🛠️ OEM-Compatible: Works with a wide range of ThinkPad, ThinkBook, and IdeaPad models using round-tip charging.
The Cudy WR3000 AX3000 WiFi 6 Router delivers ultra-fast wireless speeds and improved network efficiency with the latest WiFi 6 technology. Designed for modern homes and offices, it offers high-speed Gigabit connectivity, wider coverage, and stable performance for multiple devices. AX3000 WiFi 6 Speed – Combined speeds of up to 3000Mbps for ultra-smooth streaming, gaming, and downloads. Next-Gen WiFi 6 Technology – Improved efficiency, lower latency, and better performance for multiple connected devices. Gigabit Ethernet Ports – High-speed WAN and LAN ports for maximum wired performance. Enhanced Coverage – High-performance antennas provide strong and stable WiFi signal across your space. OFDMA & MU-MIMO – Efficient data transmission to multiple devices simultaneously without slowing down the network. Multiple Operating Modes – Supports Router, Access Point, and Repeater modes for flexible setup. Advanced Security – WPA3/WPA2 encryption ensures a secure and protected network. 1 × Gigabit WAN Port 4 × Gigabit LAN Ports Dual Band WiFi (2.4GHz & 5GHz) WiFi 6 (802.11ax) Ethernet (RJ45) Wireless Security (WPA2/WPA3)
BATTERY DELL WDX0R for Dell Inspiron 13 15 5000 7000 Series 5570 7579 7378 5567 7573 5565 5379 5378 Latitude 3490 3590 3340 3400 3390 3500 3190 Vostro 5468 5568 P69G 3CRH3 11.4V 42Wh About this item 【Specification】Dell laptop Replacement Battery Type: Li-ion; Voltage: 11.4V; Capacity: 42WH; Cells:3-Cell. (It is not the same as the 4-cell 33YDH 56Wh battery ) !!! Please make sure to choose the battery according to the shape of the original one, as the batteries for different laptop models may vary 【Stability】WDXOR WDX0R Laptop Battery Replacement battery for Dell offers 600+ recharge cycles over life of battery 【COMPATIBLE MODEL】(Check description below for more models) Dell Laptop Battery WDX0R P69G001 3CRH3 FC92N T2JX4 C4HCW Y3F7Y Dell Battery 3-cell 42WH 11.4v Li-on WDX0R Dell Battery Dell Inspiron 15 5570 Battery Inspiron 13-7378 battery Inspiron 15-7579 battery Dell Inspiron 5379 Battery Dell Inspiron 5567 Battery Dell Inspiron 13 7000 Battery Dell Inspiron p69g Battery Dell Inspiron 7573 Battery Dell Latitude 3340 3590 Battery Dell Vostro 5568 5468 Series Battery
Mini Slim Wired USB Numeric Digital Keyboard Number Pad (18 Keys) Numeric Keypad for Laptop,18 Key USB Keypad, Numerical Keypad Wired Portable Ultra Slim Mini Numpad External Numbers Keyboard Pad for Laptop PC Computer Desktop Surface pro Notebook
Genuine-spec battery flex cable for MacBook Pro models A2159 (16", 2019), A1708 (13", 2016–2017), and A2338 (13", 2020 M1)—restores critical communication between the battery and logic board for proper power-on, charging, and macOS battery status. Genuine-spec battery flex cable for MacBook Pro models A2159 (16″, 2019), A1708 (13″, 2016–2017), and A2338 (13″, 2020 M1)—restores critical communication between the battery and logic board for proper power-on, charging, and macOS battery status. Carries SMBus (System Management Bus) signals from the battery to the logic board Enables: Accurate battery percentage and health reporting in macOS Proper charging control (start/stop, thermal throttling) Power-on capability (MacBooks will not boot without this connection) Prevention of “Battery Not Charging” or “Service Battery” errors Accurate battery percentage and health reporting in macOS Proper charging control (start/stop, thermal throttling) Power-on capability (MacBooks will not boot without this connection) Prevention of “Battery Not Charging” or “Service Battery” errors MacBook won’t turn on (even with a good battery) Battery shows “–%”, 0%, or “Not Charging” Random shutdowns under load macOS displays “No Battery Available” Logic board powers fans or lights but no display output Battery flex cable only (with OEM-style connector and strain relief) ❌ Does not include: battery, logic board, or trackpad Requires full bottom case removal and battery disconnection Connects via a ZIF or press-fit socket on the logic board Must be routed precisely to avoid tension or micro-tears Highly recommended for experienced or certified technicians—improper installation can cause permanent power or battery communication failure
The NCTS HDMI 2.1 cable delivers ultra-high bandwidth 48Gbps with support for 8K@60Hz and 4K@120Hz, ensuring smooth, sharp, and lag-free performance. Available in 3 meters and 5 meters, it’s perfect for gaming consoles, TVs, monitors, and high-end home theater setups. The NCTS HDMI 2.1 Cable is built for next-generation video and gaming performance. With a high-speed 48Gbps bandwidth, it supports advanced resolutions like 8K at 60Hz and 4K at 120Hz, making it ideal for PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, gaming PCs, 8K TVs, projectors, and home theater systems. Designed for stable signal transmission even at longer lengths (3M & 5M), it provides premium audio/video quality for professional and entertainment use. HDMI 2.1 Standard for next-gen video performance 48Gbps Ultra High Speed Bandwidth for smooth and stable output Supports 8K@60Hz & 4K@120Hz for ultra-clear and fluid visuals Ideal for PS5 / Xbox Series X / Gaming PC for high refresh rate gaming HDR Support for richer colors and better contrast (device dependent) eARC Support for high-quality audio transmission (device dependent) Durable Build Quality designed for long-term performance Available Lengths: 3M & 5M for flexible installation Perfect for next-gen consoles, gaming PCs, 8K TVs, 4K high refresh monitors, projectors, AV receivers, and soundbars. Ideal for users who want maximum performance for gaming, streaming, and home theater systems.
The TP-Link TL-WA855RE N300 Universal Range Extender boosts your existing 2.4GHz Wi-Fi signal up to 300Mbps to eliminate dead zones and extend coverage. With a compact wall-plug design, dual external antennas, and one-touch WPS setup, it’s perfect for home and office use. The TP-Link TL-WA855RE N300 Universal Wireless Range Extender is an easy and affordable solution to extend your Wi-Fi coverage into areas where your router signal is weak or unavailable. It works with almost any wireless router to repeat and strengthen your existing network, providing improved connectivity for streaming, browsing, video calls, and everyday online tasks. Featuring two external antennas for better signal strength, an Ethernet port for wired devices, and a smart signal indicator for optimal placement, it ensures stable coverage across your space. N300 Wi-Fi Speed (Up to 300Mbps) on 2.4GHz Universal Compatibility works with most Wi-Fi routers and access points Boosts Coverage & Removes Dead Zones for stronger wireless signal Two External Antennas improve range and stability One-Touch WPS Setup for quick and simple connection Smart Signal Indicator helps you find the best placement Ethernet Port for wired connection to TVs, PCs, or consoles Compact Wall Plug Design ideal for home or office use Ideal for homes, offices, apartments, and small businesses needing better Wi-Fi coverage. Works with laptops, smartphones, smart TVs, tablets, IP cameras, and other Wi-Fi devices.
A1389 A1494 Laptop Battery Replacement for MacBook Pro 15 inch Retina A1398 (Late 2013 & Mid 2014), fit Retina ME293 ME294 MGXA2 MGXC2 MJLQ2 MJLT2 MJLU2 Details : Voltage:11.26V; Capacity: 95Wh; Battery Type: Li-Polymer KINDLY NOTES: Replacement for Apple Macbook Pro 15 inch A1494 A1398 Retina Only fit Late 2013 Mid 2014 Version,Do not fit 2012 & Early 2013 Version Packing: 1 x laptop battery,4 x free screwdrivers Desighed for the original battery 1:1,Please confirm that your laptop’s model number, the original battery’s part number and your laptop’s version correctly
ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor BUILT FOR VIDEO CONFERENCING An integrated Full HD webcam, microphone and speakers deliver clear communication and video conferencing whether your team is across the country or across the globe. ADJUSTABILITY AND PRIVACY The camera features +/- 5-degree tilt so you can find the perfect angle for your videos. When you don’t want to be on camera, a physical shutter slides over the camera lens to ensure your privacy. ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor FULL HD 1080P RESOLUTION This monitor features Full HD 1920×1080 resolution for unbelievable pixel-by-pixel image performance. You’ll experience the most amazing clarity and detail whether it be while working, gaming, or enjoying the latest in multimedia entertainment. Display Monitor ERGONOMIC DESIGN With advanced ergonomic features, ViewSonic monitors are designed to provide a greater range of adjustment for increased productivity and comfort. Users can reduce eyestrain and physical fatigue by adjusting the monitor via swivel, tilt, and height adjust options. ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor Full Specifications : DISPLAY SIZE (IN.) 24” Monitor PANEL TYPE IPS RESOLUTION 1920 x 1080 STATIC CONTRAST RATIO 1,000:1 DISPLAY DISPLAY SIZE (IN.) 24 VIEWABLE AREA (IN.) 23.8 PANEL TYPE IPS RESOLUTION 1920 x 1080 RESOLUTION TYPE Full HD (1920×1080) STATIC CONTRAST RATIO 1,000:1 DYNAMIC CONTRAST RATIO 50,000,000:1 LIGHT SOURCE LED BRIGHTNESS 250 cd/m2 COLORS 16.7M COLOR SPACE SUPPORT 8 bits ASPECT RATIO 16:9 RESPONSE TIME (TYPICAL GTG) 5ms VIEWING ANGLES 178º horizontal, 178º vertical PANEL SURFACE Anti-glare, Hard coating (3H) COMPATIBILITY PC RESOLUTION (MAX) 1920×1080 MAC® RESOLUTION (MAX) 1920×1080 CONNECTOR USB TYPE A 3 USB TYPE B 1 3.5MM AUDIO IN 1 3.5MM AUDIO OUT 1 VGA 1 HDMI 1.4 IN 1 DISPLAYPORT 1 AUDIO INTERNAL SPEAKERS 2W (x2) POWER ECO MODE (CONSERVE) 10.3W ECO MODE (OPTIMIZED) 11.7W CONSUMPTION (TYPICAL) 13.7W CONSUMPTION (MAX) 16.5W VOLTAGE AC 100-240V (universal), 50-60Hz STAND-BY 0.5W POWER SUPPLY Internal ADDITIONAL HARDWARE KENSINGTON LOCK SLOT 1 WEBCAM 2MP OPERATING CONDITIONS ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor TEMPERATURE 32-104º F (0 – 40º C) HUMIDITY (NON-CONDENSING) 20-90% VIDEO SIGNAL ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor FREQUENCY HORIZONTAL 15 ~ 90 KHz FREQUENCY VERTICAL 49 ~ 75 Hz VIDEO INPUT DIGITAL SYNC TMDS for HDMI (v1.4), PCI-E for DisplayPort ERGONOMICS ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor HEIGHT ADJUST 130 mm / 5.1 in SWIVEL 60º PIVOT (RIGHT/LEFT) 90º / 90º TILT (FORWARD/BACK) 5º / 40º WEIGHT (IMPERIAL) NET (LBS) 13.3 NET WITHOUT STAND (LBS) 7.9 GROSS (LBS) 19.2 WEIGHT (METRIC) NET (KG) 6.0 NET WITHOUT STAND (KG) 3.6 GROSS (KG) 8.7 DISPLAY DIMENSIONS (IMPERIAL) (WXHXD) PACKAGING (IN.) 24.0 x 15.9 x 8.3 PHYSICAL (IN.) 21.6 x 16.0~21.1 x 8.1 PHYSICAL WITHOUT STAND (IN.) 21.6 x 13.8 x 2.0 DISPLAY DIMENSIONS (METRIC) (WXHXD) PACKAGING (MM) 609.0 x 405.0 x 210.0 PHYSICAL (MM) 549.0 x 407.0~537.0 x 206.0 ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor PHYSICAL WITHOUT STAND (MM) 549.0 x 352.0 x 50.0 GENERAL ViewSonic VG2440V 24” Monitor REGULATIONS cTUVus, FCC-B, ICES003, Energy Star Certified, EPEAT Certified, MX-CoC, Mexico Energy PACKAGE CONTENTS VG2440V, Power Cable, HDMI Cable, USB Type B Uplink Cable, 3.5mm Audio Cable, Quick Start Guide RECYCLE/DISPOSAL Please dispose of in accordance with local, state or federal laws. Specifications: Specifications : Refresh Rate 75 Brand ViewSonic Screen Size 24 Inches Hardware Interface VGA, DisplayPort, HDMI, USB 3.2 Gen 1 Connectivity Technology VGA, USB, DisplayPort, HDMI 3 Years Warranty manufacturer link
Logitech C270 HD webcam — 720p USB camera with built-in mic and automatic light correction. Solid pick for video calls, remote work, or basic streaming. This is the Logitech C270 HD Webcam, a budget plug-and-play USB camera suited for everyday video calls. It doesn’t strive for professional streaming quality, but it reliably handles meeting needs, student calls, or backup cam duties. Key Features & Functionality Records video in HD 720p at 30 fps Fixed focus lens (no autofocus) Built-in mono microphone with noise reduction (captures voice clearly in standard environments) Automatic light correction (RightLight / similar tech) to adjust in low or uneven lighting Universal mounting clip: works on laptop lids, monitors, or can sit on a shelf USB 2.0 interface, 1.5 m (≈ 5 ft) cable length Technical Specifications Strengths & Limitations Pros: Reliable and easy to set up: plug and play Good for video calls in decent lighting Noise suppression in mic helps reduce background hiss Affordable alternative if your built-in camera fails Cons: Only 720p — not ideal for high quality streaming Fixed focus — manual adjusting can’t zoom/focus No privacy shutter (you may need stickers or external cover) Color and sharpness aren’t top tier under weak light
LG 22U401A-B is a 22-inch Full HD monitor designed for daily work, entertainment, and casual gaming. Additionally, it features a Full HD resolution that delivers clear images and sharp text for everyday use. Moreover, the monitor supports a 100Hz refresh rate with AMD FreeSync compatibility. Therefore, it provides smoother motion and reduced screen tearing during gaming and video playback. In addition, the display supports HDR10 and sRGB 99% color coverage. As a result, users can enjoy more vivid colors and improved visual detail across multimedia content. Furthermore, LG includes gaming and comfort features such as Black Stabilizer, Dynamic Action Sync, Reader Mode, and Flicker Safe technology. Likewise, the ergonomic stand supports tilt adjustment for more comfortable viewing angles. The monitor also includes HDMI and D-Sub connectivity for flexible device support. Additionally, its slim design helps maintain a clean and organized desk setup. Finally, LG 22U401A-B combines smooth 100Hz performance, Full HD clarity, and practical gaming features in a compact 22-inch monitor for home and office use. Manufacturer link Specifications: 22-inch Full HD display 100Hz refresh rate support AMD FreeSync gaming technology HDR10 and sRGB 99% color support Tilt-adjustable ergonomic stand
WIWU Hali Laptop Handbag - Water resistance 14" / 15.6" Black WIWU Hali Laptop Handbag – Water resistance 14″ / 15.6″ Black Handbag with many storage compartments The handbag has many storage compartments of different sizes so you can take your laptop, tablet, charging cable, notepad your mouse, and keyboard all with you to school, work, or on your trip. So you have the functionality of the bag. But also a stylish design. The advantages of the laptop bag at a glance: Made from sustainable materials Waterproof Inside length 38 cm Inside width 26.5 cm Inside height 2.5 cm
SanDisk Ultra Flair USB 3.0 – SDCZ73 – High-speed flash drive with sleek metal design.Up to 150MB/s transfer speeds and password protection software included. Model: SanDisk Ultra Flair USB 3.0 Flash Drive (SDCZ73) Interface: USB 3.0 (Backward compatible with USB 2.0) Read Speed: Up to 150MB/s (on supported USB 3.0 ports) Capacity Options: 64GB / 128GB / 256GB Material: Sleek and durable metal casing Design: Compact with built-in keyring loop Security: Includes SanDisk SecureAccess software for password protection Compatibility: Windows, macOS (reformat may be required), Linux Dimensions: Approx. 42.42 x 13.21 x 6.60 mm Weight: Approx. 5.2 grams
WiWU WI‑C052 Converter – Compact aluminum adapter enables OTG and fast PD-style charging (≈27 W) with USB‑C/Lightning on USB‑A ports.Supports high-speed 10 Gbps data transfer, is plug‑and‑play, and works across phones, tablets, and laptops. Functionality: OTG-capable USB-A to USB-C (A→C) Data Transfer: Supports USB 3.2 (up to 10 Gbps) and backward compatible with USB 3.0/2.0 Fast Charging: Supports PD profile fast charging (up to ~27W Apple PD equivalent) without triggering charge pop-ups Build: Durable aluminum-alloy shell with silicone lanyard design for portability and heat dissipation Compatibility: Works with smartphones, tablets, laptops—enabling USB-A peripherals, USB-C or Lightning cables Plug & Play: No drivers required; reversible connector design Portability: Lightweight, compact—easy to carry
Genuine-spec touchpad flex cable for MacBook Pro 15″ (Model A1990, 2018–2019, Intel)—essential for restoring full Force Touch functionality, haptic feedback, and precise multi-touch gesture control during trackpad repair or replacement. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 15-inch (2018 & 2019, Model A1990, Model Identifiers MacBookPro15,2) with Intel Core i7/i9 processors. Part Type: Touchpad flex cable only — does not include the trackpad housing, Taptic Engine, or mounting hardware. This is the OEM-style ribbon cable that connects the trackpad to the logic board. Function: Transmits: Touch input coordinates Force Touch pressure data Haptic feedback signals to the Taptic Engine Enables full macOS gesture support: Force Click, three-finger lookup, swipe navigation, pinch-to-zoom, and smooth cursor tracking. Touch input coordinates Force Touch pressure data Haptic feedback signals to the Taptic Engine Enables full macOS gesture support: Force Click, three-finger lookup, swipe navigation, pinch-to-zoom, and smooth cursor tracking. OEM-Quality Build: Matches Apple’s original specifications in: Cable length and routing path Connector pitch and ZIF latch design EMI shielding and flex durability Cable length and routing path Connector pitch and ZIF latch design EMI shielding and flex durability Common Use Cases: Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is unusable Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, loss of Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Replacing a torn, creased, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is unusable Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, loss of Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Installation Note: Requires full bottom case removal and battery disconnection. Cable routes under internal components near the right speaker and logic board. Connects via a ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket—must be aligned carefully and latched gently. Recommended for experienced or certified technicians only. Requires full bottom case removal and battery disconnection. Cable routes under internal components near the right speaker and logic board. Connects via a ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket—must be aligned carefully and latched gently. Recommended for experienced or certified technicians only.
LG UltraFine 27 inch 4K UHD IPS Monitor 27US550-W is designed for clear visuals, accurate colors, and daily productivity. It features a 27-inch IPS display with 4K UHD resolution for detailed viewing. Additionally, it supports HDR10 and up to 90% DCI-P3 color coverage. Therefore, it works well for office tasks, content viewing, and creative work. The LG UltraFine 27 inch 4K UHD IPS Monitor 27US550-W delivers 3840 x 2160 resolution with a 60Hz refresh rate and 5ms response time. Moreover, it includes 300 nits typical brightness and a 1000:1 contrast ratio for balanced image quality. It offers two HDMI ports, one DisplayPort, and a headphone out for flexible connectivity. In addition, the stand supports tilt, height, swivel, and pivot adjustment for better comfort. Furthermore, the monitor includes features like Flicker Safe, Reader Mode, Black Stabilizer, and LG Switch for multitasking. As a result, users can improve comfort and workflow during long work sessions. It also supports VESA 100 x 100 mm wall mounting for flexible desk setups. Specifications: 27-inch IPS display with 3840 x 2160 4K UHD resolution HDR10 support with up to 90% DCI-P3 color gamut 60Hz refresh rate with 5ms response time 2 HDMI ports, 1 DisplayPort, and headphone out Tilt, height, swivel, and pivot adjustable stand
PCE M8-700 UPS (line-interactive) — 700 VA / 360 W backup unit for 220–240 V input. Protects PCs, routers, small electronics from outages and voltage swings. The PCE M8-700 is a line-interactive UPS designed for home or small office use. It provides backup power, voltage regulation (AVR), surge protection, and supports automatic switching during outages. Ideal for desktop PCs, network gear, monitors, or point-of-sale systems. Features & Capabilities Line-interactive topology: regulates input voltage without switching to battery when voltage fluctuates mildly. Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) to correct undervolt/overvolt conditions. Simulated (stepped) sine wave output in battery mode. Surge, overload, short circuit, discharge protections built in. Cold start capability (ability to power on from battery with no mains) LED + audible alarms for status (battery mode, overload, fault) USB / RS232 interface in some variants for power management (shutdown, monitoring) Technical Specifications What “Input 220–240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 3.7 A” Means (and Caveats) If the specification you’re giving is “3.7 A” at input, that corresponds to a maximum input current draw when the UPS is handling a heavy load or during charging cycles. At 230 V × 3.7 A ≈ 850 W of input capacity. The unit’s 360 W output means there’s overhead for losses, inverter inefficiency, battery charging, etc. The UPS must operate within the stated voltage and frequency ranges — if input is too low or too high, it may switch to battery or go into protection mode.
The Samsung Crystal UHD U8000F 65″ 4K TV UA65U8000FUXTW uses a 65-inch LCD panel with 3840 × 2160 resolution. It delivers standard 4K performance for everyday viewing. Samsung uses the Crystal Processor 4K for image processing and upscaling. As a result, lower-resolution content converts closer to 4K output. In addition, the TV supports HDR10 and HDR10+, which improve contrast between bright and dark scenes. The display runs at a 60 Hz refresh rate. Also, Motion Xcelerator reduces blur in fast motion content such as sports and action. Samsung equips the TV with Tizen OS. Therefore, users access streaming apps, SmartThings features, and basic voice control options depending on setup. Connectivity includes HDMI, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet LAN, and optical audio output. In addition, the TV supports ALLM for basic gaming response time. This model focuses on 4K resolution, standard HDR support, and essential smart features without advanced gaming or local dimming systems. Specifications: 65-inch LCD panel with 3840 × 2160 4K UHD resolution Crystal Processor 4K with 4K upscaling support HDR10 and HDR10+ compatibility 60 Hz native refresh rate with Motion Xcelerator Tizen OS with HDMI, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet connectivity
