The HP 728 40-ml DesignJet Original Ink Cartridge is designed for precise and reliable large-format printing. It delivers sharp lines and consistent color output for technical drawings, maps, and design work. HP builds this cartridge for compatible DesignJet printers to ensure smooth ink flow and stable performance. It supports accurate print quality across everyday professional tasks. The HP 728 40-ml DesignJet Original Ink Cartridge produces clean detail for CAD files, graphics, and presentations. It helps maintain consistent results during standard print jobs. The cartridge installs easily and works seamlessly with supported HP systems. It is made for users who need dependable output, clear detail, and reliable everyday DesignJet printing. Specifications: 40ml original HP ink cartridge Sharp detail for technical drawings Consistent color output quality Smooth ink flow for reliability Easy installation and replacement F9J61A , F9J63A
The Brother PT-D610BT Label Printer is designed to make labeling fast, simple, and professional for home, office, or business use. It combines modern features with easy operation, ensuring efficient results every time. This printer produces high-quality labels with sharp text and clear symbols. It supports multiple fonts, styles, and sizes, giving users flexibility for different labeling needs. From files to cables, it helps keep everything neatly organized. The Brother PT-D610BT Label Printer offers seamless connectivity options. Users can connect through USB or Bluetooth for quick and convenient printing. This makes it easy to print labels directly from a computer or smartphone. Efficiency is improved with its fast print speeds. Large or frequent labeling tasks are handled quickly without compromising quality. It’s a reliable tool for busy environments that demand accuracy and speed. The printer also includes a backlit display for simple navigation. Users can preview labels before printing, reducing waste and errors. Its user-friendly design ensures that anyone can operate it with ease. Durability is another advantage. The Brother PT-D610BT Label Printer works with laminated tapes that resist water, fading, and abrasion. Labels stay intact in offices, warehouses, or even outdoor conditions. Compact and stylish, this printer fits well on any desk. It’s lightweight and portable, making it useful for different workspaces. Setup is straightforward, allowing users to start labeling right away. In conclusion, this printer delivers speed, reliability, and flexibility in one compact design. It’s the perfect labeling solution for both personal and professional needs. Specifications: Print Speed : Up to 24mm TZe Laminated Tapes Width Connection : Bluetooth Display : Full Color, High-resolution Display With Backlight Print Speed : 30mm Per Second Supports : Barcode Printing and up to 99 Programmable Memories Languages: English, Arabic and Farsi
The HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP 3303fdn is a reliable multifunction printer built for vibrant color output and efficient office performance. Because of its all-in-one design, it combines printing, scanning, copying, and faxing into one compact device. Therefore, it is perfect for busy offices needing professional-quality results. This printer delivers crisp text and vivid color prints that enhance documents, reports, and marketing materials. Moreover, it prints at high speeds, which ensures productivity even during demanding workloads. As a result, it helps teams work faster and more effectively. A key feature of the HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP 3303fdn is duplex printing. In other words, it prints on both sides automatically, saving paper and reducing costs. Furthermore, it supports advanced security features to help protect sensitive data and ensure safe printing in shared environments. In addition, the scanner produces detailed and accurate digital copies. For example, you can easily scan contracts, invoices, or presentations with clear results. Consequently, it streamlines office workflows and reduces the need for multiple machines. Although compact, this device is designed for consistent reliability. For instance, it handles high-volume tasks smoothly while maintaining excellent output quality. Because of this, it is a smart choice for growing businesses. Not only does the HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP 3303fdn support productivity, but it also includes energy-saving features. Therefore, it reduces power usage without affecting performance, making it both cost-effective and eco-friendly. Overall, this multifunction printer offers strong performance, professional color output, and efficient features in one device. As a result, it is ideal for modern workplaces. Specifications: Function : Print, Copy, Scan, FAx Print Technology : Laser Print Speed : Up to 25 ppm Print Resolution : 600 x 600 DPI Supported Media Sizes : A4, A5, B5, and Custom Sizes from 76×127 to 216×356 mm Connectivity : USB 2.0 and Ethernet Memory : 512MB Monthly Duty Cycle : Up To 40000 pages.
The HP Tango X Smart Home Printer brings seamless printing to your home. Its sleek and compact design fits perfectly into any modern living space. Whether you need to print documents, photos, or more, this printer delivers high-quality results. With voice-activated printing, the HP Tango X is compatible with Alexa, Google Assistant, and Microsoft Cortana. Simply use voice commands to print hands-free, making your life easier. Setting up the HP Tango X Smart Home Printer is quick and easy. Use the HP Smart app to connect your printer to your Wi-Fi network. You can start printing in just a few minutes. Enjoy wireless printing from any device with the HP Tango X. Print from your smartphone, tablet, or laptop with ease. The HP Smart app allows you to print, scan, and copy from anywhere. The HP Tango X Printer features Instant Ink, a subscription service that ensures you never run out of ink. Save up to 50% on ink and have it delivered to your door before you need it. Designed for convenience, the HP Tango X includes a removable cover that doubles as an output tray. This stylish cover blends with your home decor while keeping your printed pages neat and organized. With high-quality print resolution, the HP Tango X delivers crisp text and vibrant photos. From homework to family photos, every print is sharp and detailed. In conclusion, the HP Tango X Smart Home Printer offers a blend of style, convenience, and advanced features for the modern home. Upgrade to the HP Tango X today and enjoy effortless printing and seamless connectivity. Specifications: Print speed black : Up to 11 PPM Print speed color : Up to 8 PPM Print resolution : Up to 1200×1200 Rendered DPI
The Epson TM-M30II (122) Thermal Receipt Printer is a versatile solution for businesses requiring fast and reliable printing. Designed for retail, restaurants, and hospitality, it produces clear receipts, tickets, and order slips to improve customer service and workflow. Its compact and modern design saves counter space while maintaining professional performance. The printer supports both USB and Ethernet connections, allowing seamless integration with existing POS systems. Consequently, setup is quick, and staff can start printing immediately without interruptions. The TM-M30II (122) provides high-quality, smudge-free prints that ensure receipts and orders are always legible. Its durable construction guarantees long-lasting reliability, reducing maintenance and downtime. Ideal for small to medium-sized businesses, the Epson TM-M30II (122) helps streamline point-of-sale operations, increase efficiency, and enhance customer satisfaction. Its combination of speed, clarity, and compact design makes it a dependable choice for any business environment. Specifications: Fast thermal printing for receipts and tickets Compact, modern design ideal for counters USB and Ethernet connectivity for easy POS integration Clear, smudge-free print output Reliable performance for retail and hospitality
Introducing the HP 106A Original Black Laser Toner Cartridge—a key player in achieving unmatched printing precision. To begin, this toner cartridge ensures exceptional print quality, delivering sharp and clear documents that make an impact. Beneath its compact design lies reliability, ensuring consistent and high-quality prints with every use, making it an essential component for your printing needs. Moreover explore seamless compatibility as the HP 106A integrates effortlessly with your HP printer, ensuring a hassle-free printing experience. Also with genuine HP quality, this toner cartridge is designed to work harmoniously with your printer, guaranteeing optimal performance and longevity. Furthermore installation is a breeze, allowing you to replace your toner cartridge quickly and get back to producing professional-quality prints in no time. In conclusion, the HP 106A Original Black Laser Toner Cartridge is not just a consumable. It’s a commitment to printing excellence. Elevate your printing experience with sharp precision, reliability, and seamless compatibility. Choose the HP 106A for documents that leave a lasting impression. Elevate your printing experience with the HP 106A Original Laser Toner Cartridge. Dive into exceptional print quality, reliability, and seamless compatibility—an essential choice for those seeking precision in every document.
HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP M183fw (7KW56A) An efficient, wireless MFP with fax for high-quality colour and productivity. 1 Save time with Smart Tasks in HP Smart app, and print and scan from your phone. 2 Get seamless connections and security essentials to help maintain privacy and control. First page out black (A4, ready) As fast as 11.8 sec First page out color (A4, ready) As fast as 13.8 sec Print technology Laser A4 Color Laser Multifunction Printers, Small Medium Business Print, scan, copy and fax Print speed up to 17 ppm (black) and 17 ppm (color) USB, Ethernet, Wireless, Fax Port What’s in the box HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP M183fw (7KW56A) Introductory HP LaserJet Color cartridges (~700 color composite (C/Y/M) page yield and ~800 page yield black) Installation guide Power cord USB cable phone cord 1 Year Warranty manufacturer link
Looking to streamline your office tasks effortlessly? Meet the Canon Image Runner 1730i, your trusted partner for boosting productivity. Equipped with advanced features, this multifunction printer simplifies document handling like never before. Firstly, let’s discuss speed. The ImageRunner 1730i boasts rapid printing and copying capabilities, ensuring your documents are ready in no time. Say goodbye to long wait times and hello to increased efficiency. Transitioning to functionality, this printer offers versatile options to meet your diverse needs. From printing and copying to scanning and faxing, it’s a comprehensive solution for all your document management requirements. Moreover, its user-friendly interface makes operation intuitive and hassle-free. With easy navigation and accessible controls, everyone in the office can utilize its full potential without any training. Furthermore, the ImageRunner 1730i prioritizes security, safeguarding sensitive information and preventing unauthorized access. Rest assured that your documents are protected at every step, maintaining confidentiality and compliance. In addition, its energy-efficient design helps reduce environmental impact while cutting down on operating costs. Embrace sustainability without compromising on performance or quality. In conclusion, the Canon Image Runner 1730i is the ultimate choice for streamlining office workflows. With its blend of speed, functionality, security, and eco-friendliness, it’s a reliable solution for businesses of all sizes. Upgrade your office equipment today and experience the difference firsthand. Specifications: Functions : Print, Copy, Scan Print Speed : Up to 30 ppm Paper Capacity : 2300 Sheets Maximum
Description : ‘Direct Thermal Receipt Printer – Speed 230 MM / Second – 80 MM Paper Size – Serial + USB + LAN + RJ11 Interface – Print QR Code – manufacturer link
HP Smart Tank 720 All-in-One Printer (6UU46A) is a color inkjet multifunction printer designed for home and office use. It supports printing, copying, and scanning in one device. HP Smart Tank 720 All-in-One Printer focuses on high-volume printing with low running cost. In addition, it delivers print speeds up to 15 pages per minute for black and up to 9 pages per minute for color. It also supports automatic duplex printing for efficient two-sided output. Moreover, it provides up to 4800 × 1200 optimized dpi color resolution for detailed prints. Furthermore, it includes a 250-sheet input tray and a 100-sheet output capacity for daily workflows. It supports Wi-Fi, Bluetooth LE, and USB connectivity for flexible setup. It also enables mobile printing through Apple AirPrint, Mopria, HP Smart app, and Wi-Fi Direct. Finally, it uses refillable ink tank technology with four ink bottles. It supports a monthly duty cycle up to 5,000 pages for consistent usage. HP Smart Tank 720 All-in-One Printer delivers reliable high-volume printing with efficient ink management. manufacturer link Specifications: Print, copy, scan multifunction inkjet device Up to 15 ppm black and 9 ppm color ISO speed Automatic duplex (two-sided) printing support 250-sheet input and 100-sheet output capacity Wi-Fi, Bluetooth LE, USB, AirPrint, Mopria support
Canon Refillable Ink Tank Printers – PIXMA G Series PIXMA G3411 + BK Twin pack PIXMA G3411 + BK Twin pack Wireless multi-function high yield document and photo printer, 8.8 ipm mono, 5 ipm color, Colour: 7,000 pages. Black: 12,000 pages, Borderless Printing, mono LCD, Integrated Ink Tanks Easy to refill , Pigment black and dye colour inks, Wi-Fi printing from smart devices with Canon’s PRINT app and PIXMA Cloud Link. INK GI-490 BK (Yield = 6000 pages), GI-490 C (Yield = 7000 pages), GI-490 M (Yield = 7000 pages), GI-490 Y (Yield = 7000 pages) INK Specifications: Canon Refillable Ink Tank Printer PIXMA G Series PIXMA G3411 + BK Twin pack PIXMA G3411 + BK Twin pack Wireless multi-function high yield document and photo printer, 8.8 ipm mono, 5 ipm color, Colour: 7,000 pages. Black: 12,000 pages
HP LaserJet M111w Black & White Multifunction Printer, Wireless & Mobile Printing, 600 x 600 dpi Resolution, Print speed up to 20 ppm, 8000-page Monthly Duty Cycle, USB / Wireless Connectivity | 7MD68A White
The Brother MFC-T930DW All-in-One Ink Tank Printer delivers efficient printing, scanning, copying, and faxing in a compact and cost-effective device. Designed for home offices and small businesses, it provides sharp black text and vibrant color prints suitable for documents, graphics, and everyday work. Moreover, the refillable ink tank system allows high-volume printing while keeping operating costs low. This printer supports duplex (double-sided) printing, helping reduce paper consumption and improve workflow efficiency. Additionally, its automatic document feeder simplifies scanning and copying multi-page documents. Wireless connectivity enables printing directly from laptops, smartphones, and tablets, providing flexible use across home or office networks. Visible ink tanks make it easy to monitor ink levels and avoid interruptions. The MFC-T930DW fits neatly into small workspaces while delivering dependable performance for regular printing needs. Furthermore, its easy controls and smooth setup make daily use simple for all users. Therefore, it is ideal for students, professionals, and offices needing reliable all-in-one performance. Finally, this printer combines productivity, low-cost printing, and versatile features for everyday use. Specifications: Brother MFC-T930DW all-in-one ink tank printer Print, scan, copy, and fax functions Refillable ink tanks for low-cost printing Duplex printing for paper savings Wireless and mobile printing support
LJ MFP M436nda 3in1, print, scan, copy, Speed 23ppm A4 / 12ppm A3, Res 600x600dpi, 600MHz processor, 128MB Memory, ADF(100 sheets), Network, Duplex, Duty Cycle 50,000 pages, USB 2.0 W7U02A 1 YEAR WARRANTY
The HP DesignJet T1700 Printer (W6B55A) is a large‑format inkjet printer made for fast and accurate wide‑format printing. First, it prints technical drawings, posters, and maps up to 44 in wide with a high maximum resolution of up to 2400 × 1200 dpi and speeds up to 116 A1 per hour, so you stay productive on bigger jobs. In addition, it features six ink colours including cyan, magenta, yellow, photo black, matte black, and gray, with three universal printheads delivering detailed colour and line accuracy of about ±0.1 %. It handles sheet feed, roll feed, and has an automatic cutter for smooth output finishing. Moreover, the printer includes robust connectivity with Ethernet and USB ports, so you can print from PCs, Macs, or mobile devices using HP Click or HP Smart apps. A 500 GB self‑encrypting hard drive and 128 GB memory help manage complex files without delays. Specifications: High‑resolution wide‑format printing up to 2400 × 1200 dpi and 44 in wide output Fast print speed up to 116 A1 per hour for high productivity Six‑colour ink system with universal printheads for detailed graphics and colour accuracy Ethernet and USB connectivity with mobile app support for flexible printing Large internal storage and memory for complex file handling and secure printing
The Star Micronics Receipt Printer BSC10 LAN provides fast and reliable printing for retail stores, offices, and service counters. It produces clear receipts with sharp text. The printer works quickly, and it helps reduce customer waiting time. It supports daily business tasks efficiently. Moreover, the Star Micronics Receipt Printer LAN features a compact and durable design. It fits well on small counters and tight spaces. The sturdy construction ensures long-lasting performance. This makes it ideal for busy retail and office environments. In addition, the printer supports LAN connectivity. You can connect it to networks easily for multiple devices. This helps businesses create a clean and efficient workspace. The setup process is simple and quick. Furthermore, the Star Micronics Receipt Printer BSC10 LAN prints at high speed. This improves workflow during peak business hours. It stays consistent even during long printing sessions. Your operations become faster and more organized. Also, the printer uses thermal printing technology. This means no ink or toner is required. It reduces running costs and simplifies maintenance. The paper loading system is fast and user-friendly. The Star Micronics Receipt Printer LAN includes a reliable auto-cutter. It delivers clean cuts for every receipt. This ensures professional and neat output for customers. Its strong build ensures stable performance over time. Overall, the Star Micronics Receipt Printer BSC10 LAN offers speed, clarity, and reliable operation in one compact device. It improves workflow and enhances customer service. It is perfect for retail shops, offices, restaurants, and service counters. This printer provides dependable performance with simple and efficient features. Specifications: Paper Width : 80mm Print Speed : 250mm
Label printer for work with full-colour LCD screen and PC connectable Brother PT-D600VP For Business Introducing Brother’s PT-D600VP (Arabic, Persian and English professional desktop labeller with automatic cutter, one touch keys to quickly access 14 fonts, over 600 symbols and 99 frames for the creation of professional looking labels. Print on a large range of durable TZe labels from 3.5mm to 24mm, containing up to 7 lines of text – which can be conveniently previewed before printing on the easy-to-read colour LCD display. The Brother PT-D600VP is the ideal professional desktop labeller for the busy office, coming with Carry case. Key Features Prints up to 30mm per second Holds up to 99 user-created label designs Full-colour screen Tape colour detection technology One-touch key input Print up to 7 lines of text on highly durable, laminated labels Languages: Arabic, Persian and English.
Description : Direct Thermal Printer , Support Microsoft Win XP /Win 7/Win 8/Win 10/Linux/IOS/Android , 80 MM Paper – printing Speed 70 MM/ Second Column Capacity 8 dots ( 203 dpi ) – USB + Serial + Blutooth Interface – NV Flash 64 KBytes – Battery 7.4V /2000mAh – Print Command : Compatible with ESC/POS manufacturer link
Are you in need of a reliable printing solution for your office? Look no further than the Canon IR 2945i Mono Printer. With its efficient performance and impressive features, it’s the perfect choice for businesses seeking quality prints. Experience swift printing speeds to keep up with your workflow demands. The Canon IR 2945i delivers crisp monochrome prints quickly and efficiently, saving you valuable time. Benefit from consistent and professional-quality prints with every use. Whether it’s documents, reports, or presentations, this printer ensures sharp text and clear graphics for impressive results. Streamline your printing tasks with user-friendly features. The intuitive interface makes it easy to navigate through settings and functions, allowing for seamless operation even for novice users. Enjoy versatile connectivity options for enhanced productivity. With built-in Wi-Fi and mobile printing capabilities, you can easily print from various devices, including smartphones and tablets, without the need for additional software. Maximize cost-efficiency with the Canon IR 2945i Mono Printer. Its energy-saving features help reduce power consumption, resulting in lower operating costs and a smaller environmental footprint. Experience peace of mind with Canon’s renowned reliability and support. The IR 2945i is built to withstand heavy usage and is backed by comprehensive technical assistance to ensure uninterrupted printing operations. In conclusion, the Canon IR 2945i Mono Printer offers fast, reliable, and high-quality printing solutions tailored to meet the needs of modern businesses. Upgrade your office printing experience today with this exceptional device. Specifications: Type : A3 Monochrome Laser Multifunctional Functions : Print, Copy, Scan Print Speed : 45PPM Processor Speed : 1.6GHz Dual Core Processor Memory : 2.0GB RAM Storage : 64GB eMMC
HP OfficeJet Pro 8123 All-in-One Printer is a color inkjet multifunction device designed for home offices and small business environments. It supports printing, scanning, copying, and faxing in one compact unit for daily productivity. In addition, it delivers print speeds up to 20 pages per minute in black and up to 10 pages per minute in color. Therefore, it handles everyday office tasks efficiently. Moreover, it produces sharp text and detailed color output with up to 1200 × 1200 dpi resolution. Furthermore, it includes automatic two-sided printing. As a result, it reduces paper usage and improves workflow efficiency. It also features a 35-sheet automatic document feeder for multi-page scanning and copying tasks. In addition, it supports Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and USB connectivity. Therefore, it integrates easily into wired and wireless office setups. Moreover, it works with mobile printing solutions such as AirPrint and Mopria for flexible use. Finally, this model is designed for consistent daily performance, making it a practical choice for users who need reliable all-in-one printing, scanning, copying, and faxing in a compact format. Specifications: 4-in-1 functions: print, scan, copy, fax Up to 20 ppm black and 10 ppm color printing Automatic duplex printing for paper saving 35-sheet ADF for multi-page scanning Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and USB connectivity
Original product name: HP Printers Color Laser / A4 Format B5L23A Color Laser Jet Enterprise M552dn Speed 38ppm Black and Color, Res 1200x1200dpi, 1.2GHz processor, 1GB Memory, Network, E-print, Airprint, USB2.0, duty Cycle 80,000 pages HP Printers Color Laser / A4 Format B5L23A Color Laser Jet Enterprise M552dn Speed 38ppm Black and Color, Res 1200x1200dpi, 1.2GHz processor, 1GB Memory, Network, E-print, Airprint, USB2.0, duty Cycle 80,000 pages
Honeywell Orbit 2D Hands-Free Area-Imaging Scanner | HF680 Improving your checkout speed is very simple with a high performance imaging tool. For this reason, the Honeywell Orbit HF680 is a perfect choice for modern retail. This device uses advanced area imaging to read both 1D and 2D barcodes easily. Consequently, your staff can process digital coupons and paper labels without any delay. The scanner provides a very wide field of view for fast movement. Therefore, your employees can scan items quickly without needing perfect alignment. In addition, it features a sleek and modern design for your counter. Because it is compact, it fits perfectly in small or crowded workspaces. A key benefit of this model is the hybrid imaging technology. Specifically, it handles high density barcodes and curved surfaces with great precision. As a result, you get fewer errors during the busiest hours of the day. Furthermore, the light is soft and comfortable for the eyes of your staff. Similarly, the setup process is very fast and requires no complex tools. For example, you can connect the scanner to your system using a single cable. This helps you start working immediately after unboxing the new unit. Moreover, the durable build ensures that it lasts for many years. The infrared sensor turns the scanner on only when an item is near. Thus, you save energy while keeping the device ready for every customer. This reduces the overall cost of running your business equipment. In conclusion, this scanner is a reliable solution for any high volume store. manufacturer link Specifications: 2D Imaging: Reads digital and paper barcodes including QR codes and coupons. Wide Scan Angle: Captures codes quickly without needing to align them perfectly. Compact Style: Saves space on your counter while looking professional and modern. Fast Integration: Connects easily to your current computer system with one cable. Intelligent Lighting: Uses soft illumination to prevent eye strain for your employees
Barcode Reader Wireless 2D S20W Wireless 2D Barcode Scanner | S20-W Name: Wireless 2D Barcode Scanner Model: S20-W Interface: USB Color: Black
NCTS USB Barcode Scanner – High-speed wired scanner for both 1D and 2D barcodes with auto-sensing mode.Plug-and-play solution ideal for retail, inventory, and logistics operations. Model: NCTS 1D/2D Barcode Scanner (USB Wired) Color: Black Scan Type: Image-based CMOS scanner Supported Barcode Types: 1D: Code 128, Code 39, EAN-13, UPC-A, Codabar, ISBN, etc. 2D: QR Code, PDF417, Data Matrix, Aztec, etc. Supported Barcode Types: 1D: Code 128, Code 39, EAN-13, UPC-A, Codabar, ISBN, etc. 2D: QR Code, PDF417, Data Matrix, Aztec, etc. Interface: USB 2.0 (Plug-and-play, no driver required) Scan Speed: Up to 300 scans/second Resolution: ≥ 4mil (0.1mm) Scan Modes: Manual trigger Auto-sensing Continuous mode Scan Modes: Manual trigger Auto-sensing Continuous mode Light Source: White LED illumination + red aiming line Indicators: LED and buzzer for scan confirmation Power Supply: DC 5V (via USB port) Cable Length: ~1.5 meters Build: ABS plastic, ergonomic handheld design Compatibility: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android Applications: POS, inventory, logistics, healthcare, warehouse use
A versatile wireless 2D barcode scanner with desk stand—Beurotika BS104WS supports auto-scan, continuous, and manual modes, with up to 200 scans per second and a 2000mAh rechargeable battery for all-day use. The Beurotika BS104WS is a high-performance wireless 2.4GHz 2D barcode scanner designed for retail, warehouse, logistics, and office environments. It comes with a convenient desktop stand for hands-free operation and features a 32-bit high-speed processor for fast, accurate decoding of 1D and 2D barcodes—including QR Code, Data Matrix, PDF417, and more Three scanning modes: Auto-scan, continuous scan, and manual trigger—ideal for different workflow needs Scanning speed: Up to 200 scans per second for rapid data capture Wireless range: Reliable 2.4GHz connection (via USB dongle) for cord-free mobility Built-in battery: 3.7V 2000mAh lithium-ion battery offering up to 16 hours of continuous use Ergonomic handheld design with desk stand for flexible countertop or portable use Plug-and-play setup via USB receiver—no drivers required for most systems
