Laptop Battery Compatible for A31N1519 Battery for ASUS X540S X540L X540SA X540S X540LA-SI302 A540 F540 R540LA About this item Compatible model no. :- a31n1519, asus x540s x540l x540sa x540s x540la-si302 a540 f540 r540la Warranty not covered if defects due to external causes, accidental, physical or liquid damage, cut, burnt, misuse and missing warranty stickers or labels Battery capacity/power capability (mah/wattage) may be different from the reference picture but a backup of the battery will be the same as the original Please match your product with the image provided before placing the order for any help please get in touch with us.
A reliable pre-owned Dell Latitude 5410 with 14" display, 10th Gen Core i5, 8GB RAM, and 256GB SSD—ideal for business users and students seeking solid performance, security, and portability.
Professional battery testing flex cable for MacBook Pro 15″ (Model A1990, 2018–2019)—used by technicians to bypass a faulty battery or diagnose power-on issues without permanent battery removal. Enables safe logic board testing and troubleshooting. This is not a replacement battery cable—it’s a diagnostic tool used in repair workflows. It mimics the battery’s presence by providing the necessary SMBus signal and power-enable lines to the logic board, allowing the MacBook to: Power on without a battery installed Test logic board functionality independently Diagnose whether a no-power issue is caused by the battery or logic board MacBook Pro 15″ (2018–2019) Model: A1990 Model Identifiers: MacBookPro15,2 Chip: Intel Core i7/i9 Model: A1990 Model Identifiers: MacBookPro15,2 Chip: Intel Core i7/i9 ⚠️ Not compatible with A1707 (2016–2017), A2159 (16″), or any M1/M2 models. Simulates battery presence via correct SMBus resistance and ID signals Includes power-enable circuitry matching Apple’s safety protocol Pre-terminated with OEM-style connector for A1990 logic board Allows safe bench testing of logic boards during repair Diagnosing “no power, no fan spin, no display” issues Verifying if a logic board powers on without risking a shorted battery Testing after liquid damage or DC-in board replacement Avoiding unnecessary battery replacements during diagnostics Not for permanent installation—intended for temporary diagnostic use only Does not charge or store power—requires connected USB-C power adapter to operate Must be used with a known-good power adapter (87W recommended) Not a consumer part—designed for professional repair shops and technicians
The Lenovo Legion 27‑10 27″ Gaming Monitor delivers smooth competitive gaming and crisp visuals in a versatile display. First, it features a 27″ Full HD (1920×1080) IPS panel that offers sharp detail and balanced color for all your content. In addition, the ultra‑fast 240 Hz refresh rate and 0.5 ms response deliver fluid gameplay and reduce motion blur in fast‑paced titles. Adaptive sync compatibility helps reduce tearing, so your experience stays uninterrupted. Moreover, the brightness and HDR10 support keep images vibrant and engaging in varied lighting conditions. Furthermore, the ergonomic stand adjusts for tilt, height, swivel, and pivot, so you can find a comfortable setup for long sessions. In addition, the slim bezels and sleek black design add a modern look to any desk. Finally, multiple HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 1.4 inputs ensure easy connection to PCs and consoles. With the Lenovo Legion 27‑10, you get a gamer‑ready monitor that blends high refresh performance, clarity, and ergonomic flexibility at an accessible level. Specifications: 27″ Full HD (1920×1080) IPS display for sharp, balanced visuals Ultra‑fast 240 Hz refresh rate and 0.5 ms response for fluid gaming Adaptive sync support reduces tearing and stutter Adjustable ergonomic stand with tilt, swivel, height, and pivot Multiple HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 1.4 inputs for versatile connectivity
The MSI MAG 274QRF QD E2 Gaming Monitor is designed to take your gaming to the next level. With its 27-inch QHD display, you’ll enjoy crystal-clear visuals and vibrant colors that bring your games to life. This monitor features Quantum Dot technology, which enhances color accuracy and brightness. The MSI MAG 274QRF QD E2 delivers a rich and immersive visual experience. Thanks to its 165Hz refresh rate and 1ms response time, the MSI MAG Gaming Monitor ensures smooth and lag-free gameplay. You’ll experience every movement with precision, giving you a competitive edge in any game. The monitor supports NVIDIA G-SYNC technology, which synchronizes the monitor’s refresh rate with your graphics card. This eliminates screen tearing and stuttering, providing a seamless and fluid gaming experience. Designed for comfort during long gaming sessions, the MSI MAG 274QRF QD E2 features an ergonomic stand with adjustable height, tilt, and swivel. You can easily customize the monitor’s position to suit your preferred viewing angle. Connectivity is made easy with multiple ports, including DisplayPort, HDMI, and USB. This ensures compatibility with a wide range of gaming systems and peripherals, so you can set up your gaming station just the way you like it. In conclusion, the MSI MAG 274QRF QD E2 Gaming Monitor combines stunning visuals, fast performance, and ergonomic design for an unparalleled gaming experience. Upgrade to this monitor and immerse yourself in the world of gaming like never before. Specifications: Display : 27″ Rapid IPS Screen : 2560 x 1440 (WQHD) Refresh Rate : 180Hz Response Time : 1ms
TE03XL Battery TE03061XL for HP Omen 15-ax000:15-ax033dx 15-ax210nr 15-ax001ns;HP Pavilion 15-bc000:15-bc008tx and More 849910-850 849570-541 542 543 HSTNN-UB7A TPN-Q173-11.55V 61.6Wh 3-Cell About this item Specifications: – Battery type: Li-ion || Voltage: 11.55VV|| Capacity: 61.6Wh || Cells: 3-cell Compatible Models: – HP Omen 15-ax000:(15-ax000~15-ax099);HP Pavilion 15-BC000 Series (15-bc000~099;15-bc300~399) Replacement Part Number: – HP TE03XL HSTNN-UB7A TPN-Q173 TE03061XL 849910-850 849570-541 849570-542 849570-543 3ICP7/65/80Replacment Part Number: – HP TE03XL HSTNN-UB7A TPN-Q173 TE03061XL 849910-850 849570-541 849570-542 849570-543 3ICP7/65/80 Easy Installation: The replacement process is straightforward and provides our tools.
The Samsung ViewFinity S7 32″ 4K Monitor is an outstanding choice for anyone seeking a clear, high-resolution display. This 4K monitor offers crisp visuals and vibrant colors, enhancing your viewing experience for work, gaming, and entertainment. With a 32-inch display, this monitor provides a large screen space to increase productivity. The 4K UHD resolution (3840 x 2160) offers four times the clarity of Full HD, so every detail is sharp and vivid. Whether you’re editing photos, creating designs, or just enjoying high-definition content, this monitor brings every image to life. The Samsung ViewFinity S7 4K Monitor is designed with a slim, minimalist look. It features ultra-thin bezels, allowing for a near borderless viewing experience. This makes it ideal for dual-monitor setups, as you can position screens side by side seamlessly. Setting up the monitor is simple, with multiple connectivity options like HDMI and DisplayPort. It also features USB-C compatibility, allowing for fast data transfer and device charging, reducing the need for multiple cables on your desk. This Samsung 4K monitor supports HDR10, providing higher contrast and accurate colors for a richer picture. Its wide viewing angles ensure that the image stays consistent, even when viewed from the side. This is perfect for shared workspaces or group settings. Additionally, the Samsung ViewFinity S7 has advanced eye-care technology. It includes features like Eye Saver Mode and Flicker-Free technology to reduce eye strain during long sessions. Upgrade your workspace or gaming setup with the Samsung ViewFinity S7 32″ 4K Monitor and enjoy stunning visuals. Specifications: Display : 32″ VA Resolution : 4K (3840×2160) HDR10 Refresh Rate : 60Hz Response Rate : 5ms
LG 27 inch 240Hz Gaming Monitor 27GK750F-B is built for competitive gaming and fast-paced action. It features a 27-inch Full HD TN display with a very high refresh rate for smooth motion. Additionally, it supports NVIDIA G-Sync Compatible and AMD FreeSync. Therefore, it delivers low-latency performance and reduced screen tearing for esports gaming. The LG 27 inch 240Hz Gaming Monitor 27GK750F-B runs at 1920 × 1080 resolution with a 240Hz refresh rate and 2ms response time. Moreover, it includes a 400 nits brightness level and supports 16.7 million colors for clear visuals. It offers HDMI and DisplayPort inputs for flexible connectivity. In addition, the stand supports height, tilt, swivel, and pivot adjustments for ergonomic use. Furthermore, it includes gaming features like Black Stabilizer, Crosshair, and Dynamic Action Sync. As a result, it improves visibility and reaction speed in fast games. It also supports Motion Blur Reduction for sharper movement clarity during high FPS gameplay. Specifications: 27-inch Full HD (1920 × 1080) TN display 240Hz refresh rate for ultra-smooth gameplay 2ms response time with Motion Blur Reduction NVIDIA G-Sync Compatible and AMD FreeSync support Adjustable stand with height, tilt, swivel, and pivot
MacBook Pro A1708 Battery A1713 for MacBook Pro 13 Inch A1708 Late 2016 Mid 2017 (EMC 2978 3164), A2171 Laptop Replacement Battery for MacBook Pro 13 Inch A2159 (2019) A2289 (2020) A2338 (2020) 【Macbook pro 13 Inch battery A1713 & A2171 Battery Specification】– Voltage: 11.4V. Capacity: 54.5Wh / 4781mAh, Battery Type: Li-ion 【Newest 4.0 upgraded OEM Battery for Apple macbook pro】– Japan High Performance Electric Core. Cobalt Proportion: >98%. Upgrade chip. Up to 1500+ recharge cycles over the life of the battery. Overcharger and Discharger Circuit Protection, Ensure fast charges and low power consumption, UL-/CE-/FCC-/RoHS-Certified for safety 【Replacement Battery A1713 for A1708 Macbook pro 13 inch】– A1708 Macbook pro 13” Late 2016: MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i5” 2.0 & MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i7” 2.4 (MacBookPro13,1, EMC2978, MLL42xx/A, MLUQ2xx/A). — A1708 Macbook pro 13” Mid 2017: MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i5” 2.3 & MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i7” 2.5 (MacBookPro14,1, EMC3164, MPXQ2xx/A, MPXR2xx/A, MPXT2xx/A, MPXU2xx/A) 【Replacement Battery A2171 for A2159 & A2289 & A2338 Macbook pro 13 inch】– A2159 Macbook pro 13” 2019: MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i5” 1.4 Touch & “Core i7” 1.7 Touch (MacBookPro15,4, EMC3301, MUHN2xx/A, MUHP2xx/A, MUHQ2xx/A, MUHR2xx/A, MUHR2xx/B). — A2289 Year 2020: MacBook Pro 13-Inch “Core i5” 1.4 & “Core i7” 1.7 (MacBookPro16,3, EMC 3456, MXK32xx/A, MXK52xx/A, MXK62xx/A, MXK72xx/A). — A2338 Year 2020: MacBook Pro 13-Inch “M1” 8-Core 3.2 (MacBookPro17,1, EMC3578, MYDA2LL/A*)
Genuine-spec touchpad flex cable for MacBook Pro 16″ (Model A2485, 2021, M1 Pro/Max)—critical for restoring full Force Touch functionality, haptic feedback, and precise multi-touch gesture control during trackpad repairs. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 16-inch (2021, Model A2485) with Apple M1 Pro or M1 Max chip (Model Identifiers: MacBookPro18,1 / MacBookPro18,2). Part Type: Touchpad flex cable only—does not include the trackpad, Taptic Engine, or mounting hardware. This is the OEM-style ribbon cable that connects the trackpad to the logic board. Function: Transmits touch coordinates, Force Touch pressure data, and haptic feedback signals—essential for macOS gestures (e.g., pinch-to-zoom, Force Click, three-finger lookup) and Taptic Engine operation. OEM-Quality Construction: Precisely replicated to Apple’s original specifications—including cable length, connector type, EMI shielding, and flex routing—ensuring signal integrity and long-term reliability. Common Use Cases: Replacing a torn, frayed, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is compromised Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, lost Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Replacing a torn, frayed, or liquid-damaged original flex cable Completing a trackpad replacement when the original cable is compromised Fixing intermittent trackpad behavior, lost Force Touch, or complete unresponsiveness Installation Note: Requires full disassembly of the bottom case and careful routing around the battery and logic board. Connectors use ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) sockets—must be aligned and latched gently. Recommended for certified or professional repair technicians only.
BenQ MOBIUZ EX251 25” FHD 220Hz Gaming Monitor is a high-refresh-rate gaming display designed for smooth gameplay, fast response, and clear Full HD visuals. It targets competitive gamers who need speed and low input delay. The monitor uses a 25-inch IPS panel with a 1920 × 1080 resolution. Therefore, it delivers sharp images and wide viewing angles for gaming and everyday use. In addition, it supports a 220Hz refresh rate and 1ms GTG response time for very smooth motion. Moreover, it includes AMD FreeSync support. As a result, it reduces screen tearing and stuttering during fast gameplay. In addition, it improves visual stability in FPS and action games. The EX251 also uses BenQ MOBIUZ color tuning features. Therefore, it enhances game visuals with adjusted contrast and color profiles for better detail visibility. In addition, it includes eye-care technologies that reduce flicker and blue light for longer gaming comfort. Furthermore, it supports console and PC gaming at 1080p up to high refresh rates depending on connection type. As a result, it works well with modern gaming setups including PlayStation, Xbox, and gaming PCs. Finally, the BenQ MOBIUZ EX251 delivers fast performance, smooth motion, and comfortable long-session gaming in a compact 25-inch form factor. Specifications: Display: 25-inch IPS panel with 1920 × 1080 Full HD resolution Refresh Rate: Up to 220Hz for ultra-smooth gameplay Response Time: 1ms GTG for fast reaction performance Sync: AMD FreeSync support for tear-free gaming Features: Eye-care technology with low blue light and flicker-free design
The Horion Interactive Flat Panel 65″ transforms any space into a dynamic and interactive environment. Whether in classrooms or conference rooms, it enhances collaboration and productivity. Featuring a stunning 65-inch 4K UHD display, the Horion Interactive Flat Panel delivers crystal-clear visuals and vibrant colors. This ensures every detail is visible, making presentations and lessons more engaging. The Interactive Flat Panel comes with advanced touch technology, allowing multiple users to interact with the screen simultaneously. This fosters teamwork and encourages active participation. With built-in annotation tools, the Interactive Flat Panel 65″ makes it easy to highlight key points and add notes during presentations. These tools are intuitive and user-friendly, making it accessible for everyone. Connectivity is seamless with the Interactive Flat Panel. It offers multiple ports, including HDMI, USB, and wireless options, ensuring compatibility with various devices. This flexibility makes it easy to integrate into your existing setup. The Interactive Flat Panel 65″ is designed for ease of use. Its user-friendly interface and responsive touch screen make it simple to navigate and control. Whether you’re a teacher or a business professional, you’ll find it easy to use. In addition, the Interactive Flat Panel includes powerful built-in speakers, delivering clear and immersive audio. This enhances the overall experience, making it ideal for multimedia presentations. In conclusion, the Horion Interactive Flat Panel 65″ combines stunning visuals, interactive features, and ease of use for a superior collaborative experience. Upgrade your space with the Interactive Flat Panel and boost engagement and productivity today. Specifications: Display : 65″ Resolution : 4K (3840×2160) Refresh Rate : 60Hz CPU : Octacore Ram : 8GB Memory : 128GB GPU : Mali G52-MP8 OS : Android 13.0 Sensor : Infrared, NFC, Light Sensor
Original replacement touchpad for MacBook Air A2442, available in Silver and Space Gray. Perfect for fixing unresponsive or damaged trackpads and restoring smooth cursor control and gesture functionality. The Original MacBook Air A2442 Touchpad is a genuine replacement part designed to restore full trackpad performance and functionality. If your MacBook Air trackpad is not clicking, not responding, or physically damaged, this original touchpad provides a reliable solution with smooth tracking and accurate gesture support. Available in Silver and Space Gray, it matches the original laptop finish for a clean professional repair. Original / Genuine Touchpad for MacBook Air A2442 Available in Silver and Space Gray Restores smooth cursor control and multi-touch gestures Reliable clicking and accurate tracking performance Perfect for repair and replacement of damaged trackpads High-quality build for long-term use ✔ MacBook Air 13-inch (2021 / 2022) A2442 Compatible with MacBook Air A2442 models only. Please confirm the model number on the bottom cover before purchase to ensure a correct fit.
VI04 V104 Replacement Laptop Battery for HP Envy 14 15 17 Series HP Pavilion 15 17 Notebook Series TPN Q139 Q140 Q141 Q142 Q143 Spare 756743-001 About this item Battery Type: Li-ion; Voltage: 14.8V; Capacity: 2200MAH; Cells:4-cell Replacement Battery for HP Envy 14 15 17 Laptop Series 14-v000-v099 15-k000-k099 17-f000 -f099 m7-k211dx m7-k111dx m7-k211dx 15t-k100 15t-k200 17t-k000; HP Pavilion 15 17 Laptop Series 15-p000 to p099, 15-x000 to x099, 17-f000 to f099, 17-x000 to x099; 14-V006LA 15-P030NR 15-P390NR 15-P099NR 15-P100DX 15-P133CL 15-P114DX 17-F053US 17-F113DX Compatible Models for HP ProBook 440 G2 445 G2 450 G2 455 G2 756743-001 756744-001 756745-001 756479-421 756478-421 756478-422 756478-851 HSTNN-DB6K HSTNN-DB6J HSTNN-LB6K HSTNN-LB6I All products are Certified by CE FCC for safety; Strict guidelines for compatibility, and standards compliance for environmental safety
The Samsung 75″ QLED 4K Q60F Smart TV QA75Q6FAAUXTW delivers a large-screen entertainment experience with advanced QLED display technology. It produces bright colors, sharp details, and impressive clarity, making movies, sports, and games more enjoyable on the expansive 75-inch screen. QLED technology uses Quantum Dot enhancement to improve color accuracy and brightness. As a result, images appear vivid and lifelike across a wide range of content. Dark scenes retain detail, while bright scenes remain balanced and clear. This helps create a consistent viewing experience throughout the day. The 4K UHD resolution provides four times the detail of Full HD content. Therefore, images look sharper and more refined. In addition, Samsung’s processing technology enhances lower-resolution content, helping it appear clearer and closer to 4K quality. HDR support improves contrast and expands the range of visible colors. This allows brighter highlights and deeper shadows, creating a more realistic picture. Fast-moving scenes also appear smoother, making sports broadcasts and action movies more enjoyable to watch. The Smart TV platform offers convenient access to popular streaming services, apps, and connected home features. It responds quickly and provides an easy-to-use interface for everyday entertainment. In addition, the slim design and narrow bezels give the Samsung QLED 75 4K Q60F Smart TV QA75Q6FAAUXTW a modern appearance that complements a variety of living spaces. Overall, this Samsung QLED TV combines large-screen immersion, vibrant color performance, and smart connectivity for a reliable home entertainment solution. Specifications: QLED technology delivers vibrant colors and enhanced brightness 75-inch 4K UHD display provides immersive viewing HDR improves contrast and image realism Smart TV platform supports streaming apps and connected features Slim design complements modern living spaces
The MSI G242C Gaming Monitor delivers immersive visuals with a 23.6″ curved display and Full HD resolution. It enhances gameplay with a 1500R curve that wraps around your field of view. Moreover, the monitor features a 170Hz refresh rate and 1ms response time for smooth motion. This improves clarity in fast-paced games. It uses a VA panel with high contrast and wide viewing angles. This ensures deeper blacks and consistent colors from different positions. Adaptive Sync support helps reduce screen tearing and stuttering. This provides a smoother and more stable gaming experience. The monitor also includes anti-flicker and low blue light features. These help reduce eye strain during long sessions. The MSI G242C Gaming Monitor is a solid choice for users who want curved immersion and smooth performance. Specifications: 23.6″ Full HD curved VA panel with 1500R curvature 170Hz refresh rate for smooth and responsive gameplay 1ms (MPRT) response time for reduced motion blur Adaptive Sync support to eliminate screen tearing Anti-flicker and low blue light technology for eye comfort
Brand Lenovo Compatible Devices Laptops Input Voltage 240 Volts Mounting Type Wall Mount Wattage 90 watts Output Voltage 20 Volts Current Rating 4.5 Amps Lenovo 90W Slim Tip Ac Adapter (Original)
The Samsung 75″ QLED LS03F The Frame 4K Smart TV QA75LS03FAUXTW uses a 75-inch LCD panel with 3840 × 2160 4K resolution. It is designed for both TV viewing and wall-mounted display use. The panel uses Quantum Dot (QLED layer) technology to improve color reproduction. As a result, it produces more accurate and wider color output compared to standard LCD panels. In addition, it supports 4K upscaling for lower-resolution content. The TV supports HDR formats for compatible content. This increases contrast between bright and dark areas and improves visible detail. Also, motion processing reduces blur during fast-moving scenes such as sports and action content. Samsung equips this model with Tizen OS. Therefore, users access streaming apps, SmartThings integration, and smart features through a unified interface. It also supports Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for wireless device connections. Connectivity includes HDMI ports, USB ports, Ethernet LAN, and optical audio output. It supports external devices such as gaming consoles and sound systems. This model uses The Frame design concept, which allows the TV to function as both a display and a digital art screen when not in use. Specifications: 75-inch 4K UHD LCD panel (3840 × 2160 resolution) Quantum Dot (QLED layer) color enhancement 4K upscaling for lower-resolution content HDR support for compatible content Tizen OS with HDMI, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet connectivity
Genuine-spec US layout keyboard replacement for MacBook Pro 13″ (Model A1466, Late 2015–Early 2016)—featuring traditional scissor-switch mechanism, backlighting, and full OEM compatibility for reliable, comfortable typing. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 13-inch non-Touch Bar models: Late 2015 (Intel Core i5/i7, Retina, A1466, Model Identifier MacBookPro12,1) Early 2016 (Intel Core i5/i7, Retina, A1466, MacBookPro13,1) Late 2015 (Intel Core i5/i7, Retina, A1466, Model Identifier MacBookPro12,1) Early 2016 (Intel Core i5/i7, Retina, A1466, MacBookPro13,1) Layout: Standard US English (QWERTY) with full-size keys, inverted-T arrow keys, and dedicated function row (F1–F12). Keyboard Type: Traditional scissor-switch mechanism—not Butterfly or Magic Keyboard—known for durability, deeper key travel, and tactile feedback. Integrated Features: Backlit keys for low-light use, ambient light sensor support, and OEM-style ribbon cable for direct logic board connection. Build & Fit: Precision-engineered to match Apple’s original dimensions and mounting points—ensures flush alignment within the top case and consistent key height. Installation Note: Keyboard is secured with screws and minimal adhesive (unlike later glued models), making replacement more accessible. Still requires full top case disassembly and battery disconnect. Suitable for intermediate to advanced technicians.
The ViewSonic VA2730-4K-HD 27″ UHD 60Hz Monitor delivers crisp, detailed 4K visuals for work, media, and creative projects. Its UHD resolution shows sharp text, images, and video with clear clarity. The 27‑inch screen gives you plenty of space for multitasking and large spreadsheets. Moreover, the ViewSonic VA2730-4K-HD uses a quality IPS panel that gives wide viewing angles and consistent colors from any seat. Colors stay accurate even when you look off‑center. This makes photos, designs, and movies appear vibrant and natural. In addition, the monitor supports HDR10 for improved contrast and more realistic visuals. It also includes anti‑glare coating and a blue‑light filter to protect your eyes during long use. These features help reduce eye strain when you work or binge‑watch for hours. Furthermore, the ViewSonic VA2730-4K-HD 27″ UHD 60Hz Monitor offers simple connectivity with HDMI and DisplayPort. You can connect laptops, desktops, or consoles easily. The plug-and-play setup makes it ready fast, without fuss. Also, the monitor’s design is modern and slim. The thin bezel gives a clean look that suits offices, home desks, or studios. The stand tilts slightly to help you get a comfortable viewing angle. The build feels solid and reliable for daily use. Overall, the ViewSonic VA2730-4K-HD 27″ UHD 60Hz Monitor blends high resolution, vivid color, and usability in one versatile screen. It enhances productivity, creative work, and entertainment. It is ideal for professionals, media fans, and casual users who want a clear, quality display. Specifications: Display : 27″ IPS Resolution : UHD 3840×2160 Refresh Rate : 60Hz Response Time : 4ms
