A sleek and secure pre-owned Dell Latitude 7490 with 14" display, 8th Gen Core i5, 8GB RAM, and 128GB SSD—designed for business professionals who need portability, durability, and enterprise-grade performance.
BATTERY DELL F3YGT 7.6V 60Wh Type F3YGT Battery for Dell Latitude 7480 7490 7280 7290 7380 7390 P73G001 P73G002 P28S001 P28S002 P29S002 DM3WC 2X39G DM6WC 451-BBYE 453-BBCF P28S P73G KG7VF 4-Cell About this item REPLACE BATTERY PART : 7.6V 60 WHr 4-Cell F3YGT battery replace part F3YGT DM3WC 2X39G 0DM3WC 0F3YGT 451-BBYE 453-BBCF KG7VF. (Only replace with type 60Wh battery, NOT fit DJ1J0 42WHr 3-Cell! Please check your original battery to make sure you get the correct replacement battery!) FIT LAPTOP MODELS: For Dell Latitude 12 7000 7280 7290 Latitude 13 7000 7380 7390 Latitude 14 7000 7480 7490 Latitude 7280 7290 7380 7390 7480 7490 E7280 E7290 E7380 E7390 E7480 E7490 P28S P73G P28S001 P28S002 P73G001 P73G002 Series laptop. (NOT fit for Dell Latitude 7390 2-in-1 Series) SPECIFICATION: Model Name: 60Wh Standard Rechargeable Li-ion Battery Type F3YGT; Battery Type: Li-Ion Polymer; Voltage: 7.6V; Capacity: 60Wh; Cells: 4-cell; Size: About 9.37×3.78×0.22inch; Weight: About 10OZ / 0.63lb; Condition: 100% New; Life span: About 300-500 discharge per charge cycles; Packages includes: 1PC F3YGT laptop battery(with two free screwdrivers and user manual for easy installation, battery cable NOT included)
The Logitech C270 is an affordable, plug-and-play HD webcam delivering 720p video and clear audio—perfect for video calls, remote learning, and everyday communication on Windows, macOS, and ChromeOS. Dual stereo microphones with noise reduction for clearer voice pickup Universal compatibility: Works seamlessly with Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, Skype, and more Plug-and-play USB-A connection: No drivers needed—just connect and start your call Adjustable clip-on mount: Fits laptops, LCD monitors, or tripods (tripod not included) Compact, lightweight design with privacy-friendly lens cover (manual)
The ViewSonic VA2760-H 27″ FHD 100Hz Monitor delivers sharp and clear visuals for work, study, and entertainment. Its Full HD resolution shows strong detail. The large 27-inch screen gives you more room to multitask. This helps you stay organized and productive. Moreover, the ViewSonic VA2760-H 27″ FHD 100Hz Monitor features a smooth 100Hz refresh rate. This refresh rate makes movement look clean and fluid. It reduces motion blur during fast scenes. This creates a more enjoyable viewing experience. In addition, the monitor uses an advanced panel that provides bright colors. The colors stay accurate from wide angles. This helps your content look consistent and natural. It is perfect for photos, videos, and daily tasks. Furthermore, the ViewSonic VA2760-H 27″ FHD 100Hz Monitor includes important eye-care features. Flicker-Free technology protects your eyes during long sessions. The blue light filter adds extra comfort. These features help reduce eye strain every day. Also, the monitor offers HDMI and VGA ports for easy connection. You can link desktops, laptops, and gaming consoles quickly. The setup process is simple for all users. This makes the monitor suitable for home or office use. The design of the ViewSonic VA2760-H 27″ FHD 100Hz Monitor is modern and clean. The slim frame gives your workspace a sleek look. It fits well in many setups and desk sizes. The build quality is strong and durable. Overall, the ViewSonic VA2760-H 27″ FHD 100Hz Monitor provides smooth performance, bright visuals, and eye comfort. It improves your workflow and entertainment experience. It is ideal for students, gamers, and professionals who want quality and simplicity. Specifications: Display : 27″ IPS Resolution : 1920×1080 Refresh Rate : 100Hz Response Time : 1ms
The Samsung 24 inch 120Hz Essential Monitor S3 S32GF delivers smooth visuals with a Full HD display and fast refresh rate. Additionally, the 120Hz panel improves motion clarity, which makes it suitable for daily tasks and light gaming. The slim design also fits easily into modern workspaces. Moreover, the monitor uses a quality panel that provides consistent colors and clear details from different viewing angles. Therefore, it supports both productivity and entertainment use. Eye Saver Mode and flicker free technology also help reduce eye strain during long sessions. Furthermore, connectivity is simple and practical with HDMI and VGA inputs for flexible device support. In addition, the monitor is easy to set up and use for home or office environments. Overall, the Samsung 24 inch 120Hz Essential Monitor S3 S32GF is a reliable everyday display. Specifications: 24 inch Full HD display delivers clear and sharp visuals for daily use 120Hz refresh rate provides smoother motion for videos and light gaming Eye Saver Mode and flicker free technology help reduce eye strain Slim and modern design fits easily into home or office setups HDMI and VGA connectivity allow easy connection to multiple devices
Experience the perfect blend of clarity and smoothness with the LG 24″ 75Hz HD Monitor 24MK430H-B. Designed for both work and play, this monitor offers exceptional performance at an affordable price point. Transitioning to visuals, immerse yourself in vibrant colors and crisp details. Whether you’re watching movies, editing photos, or browsing the web, every image pops with clarity and brilliance. Moreover, the 75Hz refresh rate ensures fluid motion, making it ideal for casual gaming and multimedia consumption. Say goodbye to motion blur and hello to smooth, lag-free performance. Additionally, the monitor’s sleek and slim design adds a touch of elegance to any workspace or gaming setup. Its narrow bezels maximize screen real estate, providing an immersive viewing experience. Furthermore, the AMD FreeSync technology eliminates screen tearing and stuttering, delivering seamless gameplay and video playback. Enjoy a more immersive and responsive experience, whether you’re gaming or watching movies. In conclusion, the LG 24″ 75Hz HD Monitor 24MK430H-B offers exceptional value for money with its combination of stunning visuals, smooth performance, and sleek design. Upgrade your setup today and take your viewing experience to the next level. Specifications: Display : 23.8″ (1920×1080) FHD IPS Refresh Rate : 75Hz Response Rate : 5ms
Huawei IdeaHub Board 2 86-inch display delivers an immersive teaching and collaboration experience with large 4K visuals. It helps teachers present clearly and engage students effectively. As a result, classrooms benefit from better interaction and visibility. The 86-inch screen features 4K UHD resolution with zero-gap laminated glass. Therefore, it reduces reflection and improves clarity. Moreover, the D-LED backlight and 60Hz refresh rate ensure stable and consistent visuals. It supports up to 20 touch points using infrared multi-touch technology. In addition, smart handwriting recognition and annotation allow natural writing. The low latency writing response improves accuracy during lessons. The system includes a quad-core processor with 4GB RAM and 32GB storage. Consequently, it runs applications smoothly. It supports Android, Windows, iOS, and macOS for flexible integration. It also includes key capabilities such as 4K UHD resolution, multi-touch interaction, smart annotation tools, wide connectivity options, and cross-platform support. Huawei IdeaHub Board 2 86-inch display is built to enhance collaboration and simplify teaching. Specifications: 86-inch 4K UHD display with 3840 × 2160 resolution Supports up to 20 touch points with infrared technology Zero-gap laminated glass with D-LED backlight Low latency writing with smart annotation support Quad-core CPU with 4GB RAM and 32GB storage
Alienware 25 Gaming Monitor: AW2521HFLA Diagonal Viewing Size: 62.2 cm 24.5 Inches Preset Display Area (H x V) 543.744 mm x 302.616 mm 21.41″” x 11.91″” 164545.63 mm2 (255.04 inches2) Alienware 25 Gaming Monitor Panel Type: Fast IPS Display Screen Coating Antiglare with 3H hardness Maximum Preset Resolution 1920 x 1080 at 240Hz Viewing Angle (178° vertical / 178° horizontal) Pixel Pitch 0.283 mm x 0.280 mm Pixel Per Inch (PPI) 90 Contrast Ratio 1000: 1 (typical) Aspect Ratio (16:9) Backlight Technology LED edgelight system Brightness 400 cd/m2 (typical) Response Time(typical) True 1ms (gray to gray, in Extreme Mode) Audio Output No Connectivity Connectivity 2 x HDMI (ver 2.0) 1 x DP 1.2 1 x USB 3.0 upstream port (Rear) 2 x USB 3.0 Downstream port (Rear) 2 x USB 3.0 Downstream port [Front Bottom, one with BC1.2 charging capability at 2A(max)] 1 x Headphone-out jack (Front Bottom) 1 x Audio Line-out jack( Rear)AMD Free-Sync™ YesNVIDIA® G-SYNC® Compatible YesAlienFX™ Lighting Yes Dimensions & Weight Height with stand (Compressed ~ Extended) 421.21 mm ~526.08 mm 16.58″ ~ 20.71″ Width 556.29 mm 21.90″Depth 251.92 mm 9.92″Height without stand 328.24 mm 12.92″Width without stand 556.29mm 21.90″ Depth without stand 72.95 mm 2.87″ Weight (panel only – for VESA mount) 3.55 kg 7.81 lb Weight (with packaging) 11.22 kg 24.71 lb Power Voltage Required 100 VAC to 240 VAC / 50 Hz or 60 Hz + 3 Hz /1.5 A (typical)Power Consumption 0.2 W (Off Mode) 0.3 W (Standby Mode) 20.4 W (On Mode) 72 W (Max) Environmental Temperature Range Operating: 0° to 40°C (32° to 104°F) Non-operating: -20° to 60° (-4° to 140° F)Humidity Range Operating: 10% to 80% (non-condensing) Non-Operating:5% to 90% (non-condensing)Altitude Operating: 5,000 m (16,404 ft) max Non-Operating: 12,192 m (40,000 ft) max Chassis Adjustability Height adjustable stand (130 mm) and Height-markers Tilt (-5° to 21°) Swivel (-20° to 20°) Pivot (-90° to 90°) Built in cable-management Low Blue Light Yes, Comfort View Flicker-free Yes Specifications – Service / Support Details 3-Year Advanced Exchange Service and Premium Panel Exchange Color Support Color Gamut (typical): sRGB 99% Color Depth: 16.78 Million colors Built-in Devices NA Flat Panel Mount Interface VESA (100 mm) Specifications: Alienware 25 Gaming Monitor 240Hz refresh rate ips Panel Type: Fast IPS Color Support Color Gamut (typical): sRGB 99% 1 Year Warranty Manufacturer Link
Philips 27E1N5900R 27-inch 4K monitor delivers ultra-clear visuals and modern connectivity for work and creative tasks. It focuses on high resolution, accurate colors, and USB-C convenience for clean setups. Additionally, it features a 27-inch IPS panel with 4K UHD resolution (3840 × 2160). This provides sharp detail and high pixel density, so it improves precision in design, editing, and multitasking. Moreover, it supports VESA DisplayHDR 400. As a result, it enhances brightness, contrast, and color depth for more lifelike visuals. The monitor includes USB-C connectivity with power delivery up to 65W. Therefore, it allows video, data, and charging through a single cable for a clean workspace. In addition, it uses IPS technology with wide 178° viewing angles. This ensures consistent colors and image quality from different positions. Furthermore, it supports MultiView with Picture-in-Picture and Picture-by-Picture. So it enables dual device viewing for efficient multitasking. It also includes LowBlue Mode and Flicker-Free technology. These features reduce eye strain during long working sessions. Philips 27E1N5900R 27-inch 4K monitor provides sharp visuals, flexible Specifications: 27-inch IPS panel with 3840 × 2160 4K UHD resolution DisplayHDR 400 for improved brightness and contrast USB-C with up to 65W power delivery 4ms GtG response time with wide 178° viewing angles MultiView support with PIP and PBP multitasking
The ASUS VG34VQL3A Curved Gaming Monitor, 34″ WQHD delivers immersive gaming and smooth visuals for modern PC players. It is designed for gamers, creators, and anyone who wants a wider view and fast performance. First, this monitor features a 34-inch Ultra-Wide QHD (3440 × 1440) curved display with a 1500R curvature that wraps around your vision and feels more natural. As a result, games, movies, and multitasking feel more engaging. In addition, the ASUS VG34VQL3A supports a high refresh rate up to 180 Hz (OC) and a 1 ms response time (GTG) for smooth motion and minimal blur. This helps you react faster in fast-paced games. This model also uses AMD FreeSync Premium Pro for adaptive sync technology that reduces screen tearing and stuttering in supported games. Therefore, visuals stay smooth and clear with compatible GPUs. The screen covers 125% of the sRGB color gamut and supports DisplayHDR™ 400 with HDR10, giving bright highlights and rich contrast for vivid colors in HDR content. Thus, games and movies look more dynamic. Because the panel uses VA technology, it delivers deep contrast and solid black levels that make details pop in dark scenes. Also, the anti-glare coating helps reduce reflections in bright rooms. The ASUS VG34VQL3A includes built-in features like Picture-in-Picture (PiP), Picture-by-Picture (PbP), ASUS GamePlus, and low blue light modes for added convenience and comfort. This makes it versatile for work and play. Connectivity options include DisplayPort 1.4, HDMI 2.0, and USB 3.2 Gen 2 hub ports to link to PCs, laptops, and peripherals easily. As a result, setup stays flexible for many systems. The ergonomic stand offers height, tilt, and swivel adjustments plus VESA mount support, so you can position the monitor comfortably. This helps reduce neck and eye strain during long sessions. In conclusion, the ASUS VG34VQL3A Curved Gaming Monitor, 34″ WQHD combines speed, clarity, and wide ultrawide visuals. Overall, it is a strong choice for immersive gaming and productivity. Specifications: Display :34″ VA Panel, 1500R Curved, Anti-Glare. Resolution :Ultrawide QHD (3440 x 1440). Refresh Rate : Up to 180Hz (OC) for smooth motion. Response Time : 1ms (GTG) for reduced ghosting. HDR: Display HDR 400 with HDR10 support for enhanced contrast.
Genuine Apple sleep/wake sensor flex cable (Hall effect sensor) for MacBook Air 13.6″ (Model A2681, 2022, M2)—ensures automatic display sleep when the lid is closed and wake-on-open functionality. OEM part number 821-04129-02. Compatible With: MacBook Air 13.6-inch (2022, Model A2681) with Apple M2 chip (all colors: Silver, Space Gray, Starlight, Midnight). Apple Part Number: 821-04129-02 (exact OEM service part). Function: Contains the Hall effect sensor that detects the magnet in the MacBook Air’s display lid. This allows macOS to: Sleep the system when the lid is closed Wake instantly when opened Prevent false sleep/wake events during use Sleep the system when the lid is closed Wake instantly when opened Prevent false sleep/wake events during use Location: Mounted near the right side of the keyboard, adjacent to the battery and logic board. Common Failure Symptoms: MacBook doesn’t sleep when lid is closed MacBook wakes randomly in a bag “Lid closed” not recognized in macOS Requires manual sleep or power button use MacBook doesn’t sleep when lid is closed MacBook wakes randomly in a bag “Lid closed” not recognized in macOS Requires manual sleep or power button use Part Type: Flex cable with integrated Hall sensor—not just a cable, but a calibrated magnetic sensor module. Installation Note: Requires full bottom case removal and careful disconnection of the battery. The sensor is adhered near the I/O area—do not bend or puncture. Recommended for experienced technicians.
The Samsung 98″ QLED Q7F 4K Samsung Vision AI Smart TV QA98Q7FAUXTW delivers an extreme large-screen viewing experience with advanced QLED display technology. It produces bright, sharp, and vibrant images, so movies, sports, and games feel highly immersive on the massive 98-inch screen. QLED technology uses Quantum Dot color enhancement to improve brightness and color accuracy. As a result, visuals appear more vivid and balanced in both bright and dark scenes. This ensures consistent picture quality even on such a large display size. Samsung Vision AI enhances picture and sound in real time. It analyzes each scene and automatically adjusts brightness, sharpness, and color for optimal performance. Therefore, the TV consistently delivers improved visuals without manual tuning. In addition, AI upscaling improves lower-resolution content closer to 4K quality for better clarity and detail. HDR support expands contrast and color depth, making visuals more dynamic and lifelike. Fast motion handling also improves clarity, which enhances sports and action content by reducing blur and improving smoothness on the extra-large screen. The Smart TV platform provides easy access to streaming apps, gaming features, and smart home controls. It runs smoothly and supports quick switching between applications. In addition, the slim design with minimal bezels gives the Samsung 98 QLED Q7F 4K Samsung Vision AI Smart TV QA98Q7FAUXTW a modern and premium cinematic appearance. Overall, this Samsung QLED TV combines extreme screen size, strong brightness performance, AI optimization, and smart connectivity for a true home theater experience. Specifications: QLED technology delivers bright and vivid picture quality 98-inch 4K display provides ultra-large cinematic viewing Vision AI enhances picture and sound automatically in real time HDR improves contrast, brightness, and color depth Smart TV platform supports apps, streaming, and smart features
The Lenovo ThinkVision T24‑40 24‑inch monitor offers clear and sharp Full HD visuals that improve everyday work and multimedia tasks. As a result, text, spreadsheets, and videos appear crisp and easy to view. In addition, the IPS panel provides wide viewing angles, so colors remain consistent even when you shift your position. Furthermore, this monitor includes features that help reduce eye strain during long sessions, making it suitable for office work, study, or creative tasks. It also offers flexible connectivity options that allow you to connect laptops and desktops without extra adapters. Therefore, it fits well into both professional and home environments. Overall, the Lenovo ThinkVision T24‑40 delivers dependable display quality and practical features, making it a great choice for users seeking a reliable 24‑inch monitor. Specifications: 24″ Full HD IPS display for crisp visuals Wide viewing angles for consistent colors Eye comfort features for long sessions Flexible connectivity for multiple devices Reliable performance for work and home use
Brand Crucial Computer Memory Size 8 GB RAM Memory Technology DDR4 Memory Speed 2666 MHz Compatible Devices Laptop, PC Improve your system's responsiveness, run apps faster and multitask with ease Install with ease; no computer skills required How-to guides available at Crucial Compatibility assurance when using the Crucial System Scanner or Crucial Advisor Tool Micron quality and reliability is backed by superior component and module level testing and 42 years of memory expertise ECC Type = Non-ECC, Form Factor = SODIMM, Pin Count = 260-pin, PC Speed = PC4-21300, Voltage = 1.2V, Rank and Configuration = 1Rx16, 1Rx8 or 2Rx8 Brand Crucial Computer Memory Size 8 GB RAM Memory Technology DDR4 Memory Speed 2666 MHz Compatible Devices Laptop, PC Improve your system’s responsiveness, run apps faster and multitask with ease Install with ease; no computer skills required How-to guides available at Crucial Compatibility assurance when using the Crucial System Scanner or Crucial Advisor Tool Micron quality and reliability is backed by superior component and module level testing and 42 years of memory expertise ECC Type = Non-ECC, Form Factor = SODIMM, Pin Count = 260-pin, PC Speed = PC4-21300, Voltage = 1.2V, Rank and Configuration = 1Rx16, 1Rx8 or 2Rx8
WIWU GENIUS COMBO SET BAG WITH MOUSE AND MOUSE PAD FOR 14" LAPTOP/ULTRABOOK - BLACK WIWU GENIUS COMBO SET BAG WITH MOUSE AND MOUSE PAD FOR 14″ LAPTOP/ULTRABOOK – BLACK Details: Material: plaid polyester + metal Mouse: single mode 2.4G Product weight: 14 inch / 465g Product size: 14 inches: 35*25*2cm Handbag+mouse+mouse pad Front layer multi-pocket design Better help classify items Waterproof fabric
Genuine-spec US layout keyboard replacement for MacBook Pro 15″ (2018–2019, Models A1989/A1990)—designed for reliable typing, full compatibility, and seamless integration with original top case assemblies. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 15-inch (2018 A1989 and 2019 A1990 models) with Touch Bar. Layout: Standard US English (QWERTY) with full-size keys, including inverted-T arrow keys and dedicated function row. Integrated Features: Includes built-in backlighting, scissor-switch mechanism (3rd-gen Butterfly or revised Butterfly mechanism, depending on original model year), and ribbon cable connector matching Apple’s OEM design. Functionality: Supports all native keyboard features, including brightness, volume, media controls, and Touch ID power button (note: Touch ID sensor is not included—this is the keyboard only). Build Quality: Precision-engineered to match Apple’s original fit, feel, and durability—ideal for professional repairs or top case refurbishment. Installation Note: Requires full top case disassembly. Keyboard is adhered to the top case and must be carefully removed and replaced using proper tools and techniques. Recommended for experienced technicians. Model Verification: Ensure your MacBook is A1989 (2018) or A1990 (2019) before purchase—keycaps and connectors differ from other MacBook generations.
Acer KA240Ybi 24´´ FHD LED 75Hz Monitor – Display diagonal: 60.5 cm (23.8) – Display resolution: 1920 x 1080 pixels – HD type: Full HD – Display technology: LCD – Response time: 4 ms – Native aspect ratio: 16:9 – Viewing angle horizontal: 178° Viewing angle – vertical: 178°. Built-in speaker(s). – Built-in USB hub. – VESA mounting Height adjustment Specifications: Acer KA240Ybi 24´´ FHD LED 75Hz Monitor Display diagonal: 60.5 cm (23.8) – Display resolution: 1920 x 1080 pixels – HD type: Full HD – Display technology: LCD – Response time: 4 ms
HP Gk400F Mechanical USB Gaming Keyboard, Dust & Spill Resistant, RGB Backlit Keys, Metal Panel, Full-Sized Keyboard Design About this item [Quick. Comfy. Accurate] Comfortable and Durable full-sized keyboard designed. [Plug-in and type] Get to typing quicker with the USB plug-and-play setup that’ll have you connecting to your PC faster and easier than ever [Dust-proof & splash-proof] Mechanical metal panel, dust and spill. Resistant. [All-day comfort] This keyboard is designed for optimal comfort to fit your natural position, keeping your wrist feeling good all day. [Let there be LED] Lightsync RGB Backlit Keys and auto sleep mode support.Brilliant RGB Color Spectrum illumination.
Genuine-spec bilingual UK/Arabic layout keyboard replacement for MacBook Pro 13″ (Model A1708, 2016–2017)—featuring Apple’s second-generation Butterfly mechanism, backlighting, and OEM fit for seamless typing in both English and Arabic. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 13-inch with Touch Bar (2016 & 2017 models, A1708, Model Identifiers MacBookPro13,1 / MacBookPro14,1). Layout: Bilingual UK/Arabic—primary legends in Arabic, secondary (top-left) legends in UK English (QWERTY). Includes £ symbol, Arabic numerals (٠١٢٣…), and standard Arabic character set aligned with Apple’s regional configuration. Keyboard Type: Apple’s 2nd-generation Butterfly mechanism—thin profile with reduced key travel; requires careful handling and clean environment during installation. Integrated Features: Backlit keys (essential for low-light use—legends remain legible) Ambient light sensor support Original-style ribbon cable connector for direct logic board attachment Backlit keys (essential for low-light use—legends remain legible) Ambient light sensor support Original-style ribbon cable connector for direct logic board attachment Build & Fit: Precision-engineered to match Apple’s original dimensions, key alignment, and top-case curvature—ensures consistent actuation and aesthetic continuity. Installation Note: Keyboard is fully glued into the top case. Replacement requires complete disassembly, meticulous adhesive removal, and professional re-gluing. Recommended for certified or highly experienced technicians only.
The Samsung 65″ The Frame LS03F 4K QLED Art Mode Smart TV QA65LS03FAUXTW uses a 65-inch LCD panel with 3840 × 2160 4K resolution. It is designed for both regular TV viewing and wall-mounted display use with an art display mode. The panel uses Quantum Dot (QLED layer) technology to improve color output. As a result, it produces more accurate and wider color reproduction compared to standard LCD panels. In addition, it supports 4K upscaling for lower-resolution content. The TV supports HDR formats for compatible content. This increases contrast between bright and dark areas and improves visible detail. Also, motion processing reduces blur during fast-moving scenes such as sports and action content. Samsung equips this model with Tizen OS. Therefore, users access streaming apps, SmartThings integration, and smart features through a unified interface. It also supports Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for wireless device connections. Connectivity includes HDMI ports, USB ports, Ethernet LAN, and optical audio output. It supports external devices such as gaming consoles and sound systems. This model includes Art Mode, which displays images or artwork when the TV is not in active use. Specifications: 65-inch 4K UHD LCD panel (3840 × 2160 resolution) Quantum Dot (QLED layer) color enhancement 4K upscaling for lower-resolution content HDR support for compatible content Tizen OS with HDMI, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet connectivity
