Compatible With: MacBook Pro 15.4-inch (Mid 2012, Model A1398, Model Identifier MacBookPro10,1) — the first Retina MacBook Pro. Includes: Complete left and right speaker units with pre-attached connector cables and mounting brackets, ready for direct installation. Audio Performance: Engineered to match Apple’s original acoustic design—delivers clear mid-range, balanced stereo separation, and consistent volume levels across system audio, video calls, and media playback. OEM Build Quality: Precision-molded housing, original grille pattern, and correct wiring length ensure seamless integration into the MacBook’s chassis without rattling or interference. Common Use Cases: Replaces speakers damaged by liquid spills, physical impact, or aging (e.g., crackling, no sound, or distorted audio). Installation Note: Requires full bottom case and logic board access. Speakers are secured with screws and adhesive tape. Recommended for experienced technicians due to tight internal layout and delicate connectors.
Experience the perfect balance of performance and value with the Lenovo ThinkPad E14 Gen 1. Powered by a reliable 10th Gen Intel Core i5 processor, 16GB RAM, and a spacious 512GB NVMe SSD, this 14-inch laptop is built to handle professional multitasking with the signature durability of the ThinkPad line.
The MOXOM MX-PB168 is a true high-capacity 40000mAh external battery pack designed to provide reliable, multi-day charging for all your devices. Featuring an advanced multi-protocol fast setup with dual built-in cables, a clear LCD digital battery indicator, and a high-intensity integrated flashlight, it is the ultimate heavy-duty solution for outdoor adventures, travel, or emergency home backups. ✅ Full Specifications: Model: MOXOM Ultra-Large Capacity Power Bank (MX-PB168) Interface / Connection: Multi-Port Charging Setup: Input Ports: Type-C and Micro-USB ports (for recharging the power bank) Output Ports: 4 x USB-A Fast Charging ports Built-In Cables: 1 x Type-C Cable & 1 x Lightning (iPhone) Cable attached directly to the frame Interface / Connection: Multi-Port Charging Setup: Input Ports: Type-C and Micro-USB ports (for recharging the power bank) Output Ports: 4 x USB-A Fast Charging ports Built-In Cables: 1 x Type-C Cable & 1 x Lightning (iPhone) Cable attached directly to the frame Performance / Charging Speed: Max output up to 22.5W high-efficiency fast charging Supports Power Delivery (PD 20W) Supports Quick Charge 3.0 (QC3.0) Supports Huawei SuperCharge Protocol (SCP 22.5W) Performance / Charging Speed: Max output up to 22.5W high-efficiency fast charging Supports Power Delivery (PD 20W) Supports Quick Charge 3.0 (QC3.0) Supports Huawei SuperCharge Protocol (SCP 22.5W) Capacity / Battery Variant: 40000mAh (High-density Li-Polymer cells) Material & Build: Fire-retardant, heavy-duty ABS + Polycarbonate matte black casing built to resist everyday scuffs and impacts. Design & Form Factor: Ergonomic block form factor equipped with an integrated high-tensile hanging rope/strap for easier carrying. Security & Smart Features: * Smart MCU management chip protecting devices against over-current, overheating, short circuits, and overcharging Integrated bright LED spotlight/flashlight for nighttime or emergency blackouts Security & Smart Features: * Smart MCU management chip protecting devices against over-current, overheating, short circuits, and overcharging Integrated bright LED spotlight/flashlight for nighttime or emergency blackouts Display: Full front-facing premium LCD digital display showing real-time battery charge percentages and fast-charging status triggers. Compatibility: Universally compatible with Apple iPhones, iPads, Samsung Galaxy series, Huawei, Xiaomi, Oppo, tablets, smartwatches, and low-current wireless earphones. Color: Matte Black
Genuine-quality keyboard and touchpad connection board (also known as the keyboard flex cable or I/O board) for the 2022 MacBook Pro 14″ (Model A2681)—essential for restoring full keyboard and Touch ID functionality during repairs. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 14-inch (2022, M2 Pro/M2 Max models, Apple Model A2681). Function: This internal connection board links the keyboard, Touch ID sensor, and touchpad to the logic board—critical for proper operation of input devices. Includes: Keyboard flex cable assembly with integrated Touch ID sensor and touchpad connector (exact configuration matches Apple’s original design). Common Use Cases: Replacing after liquid damage, physical impact, or keyboard/touchpad failure; often required when the built-in keyboard or power button (with Touch ID) stops responding. OEM-Spec Quality: Built to match Apple’s original specifications for fit, signal integrity, and durability—ensures seamless integration and reliable performance. Installation Note: Requires precision disassembly of the MacBook’s lower case and display. Recommended for experienced technicians or certified repair centers.
The Lenovo ThinkPad T480s features an Intel Core i5 8th Gen processor, 8GB RAM, 256GB NVMe SSD, and a 14-inch Full HD touchscreen. Lightweight, durable, and business-ready, it’s ideal for productivity, office work, and mobile use.
The Dell OptiPlex 7050 Micro combines compact design and solid performance with an Intel Core i5 6th Gen processor, DDR4 RAM options, and SSD storage options. Ideal for business and home use, it delivers reliable speed, energy efficiency, and space-saving desktop performance.
The Lexar NM620 2TB NVMe SSD delivers exceptional read speeds up to 3,300 MB/s and write speeds up to 3,000 MB/s through its PCIe Gen3x4 NVMe 1.4 interface. Built with 3D NAND Flash and a compact M.2 2280 form factor, it offers fast, efficient, and reliable storage for gaming, video editing, and professional workloads. The Lexar NM620 2TB M.2 2280 NVMe SSD is engineered for users who need high-performance storage without compromise. Using PCIe Gen3x4 lanes and the NVMe 1.4 protocol, it provides up to six times faster transfer speeds than SATA SSDs. Its slim, cable-free design makes it an ideal upgrade for desktops, laptops, and ultrabooks that demand higher data throughput and improved responsiveness. ⚡ High-Speed NVMe Performance: Delivers sequential read/write speeds up to 3,300 MB/s / 3,000 MB/s for faster system boot-ups, game loading, and large-file transfers. 💾 Large 2 TB Capacity: Provides ample storage for 4K media, applications, and high-volume project files. 🔋 Power-Efficient Design: Optimized for lower power draw, helping extend laptop battery life and reduce operating temperatures. 🔒 Advanced Data Protection: Utilizes LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) and end-to-end data path protection for accurate, consistent data integrity. 🧊 Compact Form Factor: The M.2 2280 design supports easy installation in modern systems without cables. 🧠 3D NAND Architecture: Ensures improved endurance, sustained performance, and stability during intensive workloads. 🧰 Durability Tested: Resistant to shock and vibration for dependable performance across a range of operating environments.
The Arzopa A1 is an ultra-slim, lightweight 15.6-inch portable monitor engineered for seamless travel productivity and entertainment. Delivering crisp Full HD imagery on a premium IPS panel with integrated eye care features, it provides a hassle-free plug-and-play experience using dual full-function USB-C and Mini HDMI inputs. Complete with a built-in adjustable kickstand, it is the perfect dual-screen companion for laptops, smartphones, and gaming consoles. ✅ Full Specifications: Model: ARZOPA Type-C Portable Monitor (ARZOPA-A1) Interface / Connection: Multi-Port Input Panel: 2 x USB Type-C Full Function Ports (Supports concurrent video transmission, data, and power delivery) 1 x Mini HDMI Port (Video signal input only) 1 x 3.5mm Headphone / Audio Output Interface Interface / Connection: Multi-Port Input Panel: 2 x USB Type-C Full Function Ports (Supports concurrent video transmission, data, and power delivery) 1 x Mini HDMI Port (Video signal input only) 1 x 3.5mm Headphone / Audio Output Interface Performance / Screen Quality: Panel Type: IPS (In-Plane Switching) display with 178° wide viewing angles Resolution: Full HD 1920 x 1080p Refresh Rate: 60Hz Aspect Ratio: 16:9 Brightness: 300 cd/m² Contrast Ratio: 1200:1 Display Colors: 262K (8-bit) Color Gamut: 45% NTSC / 72% sRGB space coverage Performance / Screen Quality: Panel Type: IPS (In-Plane Switching) display with 178° wide viewing angles Resolution: Full HD 1920 x 1080p Refresh Rate: 60Hz Aspect Ratio: 16:9 Brightness: 300 cd/m² Contrast Ratio: 1200:1 Display Colors: 262K (8-bit) Color Gamut: 45% NTSC / 72% sRGB space coverage Display Technology: Features built-in HDR rendering technology to boost dynamic contrast alongside a Low Blue Light comfort filter to reduce eye fatigue. Audio: Dual built-in stereo speakers (1W x 2 configuration). Material & Build: Premium, durable metal housing constructed out of a sleek aluminum alloy framework. Design & Form Factor: Ultra-thin bezel layout boasting an integrated adjustable smart kickstand for multi-angle landscape deployment. Power Setup: Driverless plug-and-play architecture. Operates without an internal battery; runs on host device power distribution via USB-C or requires an external 5V/3A power input adapter. Compatibility: Fully compatible with MacBooks, Windows PCs/Laptops, Chromebooks, USB-C supported Android smartphones, and modern gaming consoles (Nintendo Switch, Xbox Series X/S, PS4, PS5). Dimensions: Approx. 355.6 x 220.9 x 9.14 mm (Ultra-slim 0.36-inch profile) Weight: Approx. 725 to 735 grams (1.6 lbs lightweight chassis)
NCTS USB Barcode Scanner – High-speed wired scanner for both 1D and 2D barcodes with auto-sensing mode.Plug-and-play solution ideal for retail, inventory, and logistics operations. Model: NCTS 1D/2D Barcode Scanner (USB Wired) Color: Black Scan Type: Image-based CMOS scanner Supported Barcode Types: 1D: Code 128, Code 39, EAN-13, UPC-A, Codabar, ISBN, etc. 2D: QR Code, PDF417, Data Matrix, Aztec, etc. Supported Barcode Types: 1D: Code 128, Code 39, EAN-13, UPC-A, Codabar, ISBN, etc. 2D: QR Code, PDF417, Data Matrix, Aztec, etc. Interface: USB 2.0 (Plug-and-play, no driver required) Scan Speed: Up to 300 scans/second Resolution: ≥ 4mil (0.1mm) Scan Modes: Manual trigger Auto-sensing Continuous mode Scan Modes: Manual trigger Auto-sensing Continuous mode Light Source: White LED illumination + red aiming line Indicators: LED and buzzer for scan confirmation Power Supply: DC 5V (via USB port) Cable Length: ~1.5 meters Build: ABS plastic, ergonomic handheld design Compatibility: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android Applications: POS, inventory, logistics, healthcare, warehouse use
Apple MacBook Pro 16" A2141 2019 Logic Board i7 2.6GHz 16GB 512GB 4GB VGA Apple MacBook Pro 16″ A2141 2019 Logic Board i7 2.6GHz 16GB 512GB 4GB VGA Intel 2.6 GHz Six Core i7-9th gen 16 GB RAM 512 GB SSD AMD RADEON PRO 5300M 4GB Intel UHD Graphics 630 Intel 2.6 GHz Six Core i7-9th gen 16 GB RAM 512 GB SSD AMD RADEON PRO 5300M 4GB Intel UHD Graphics 630
WiWU WM108 Wimice Dual‑Mode Mouse – Bluetooth 5.0 and 2.4 GHz wireless mouse with 800/1200/1600 DPI, silent clicks, and ergonomic ABS housing.Long battery life (~6 months standby), USB dongle & silent design—ideal for travel, office, and quiet environments. Model: WiWU Wimice WM108 Connection Modes: Bluetooth 5.0 2.4 GHz wireless via USB dongle Connection Modes: Bluetooth 5.0 2.4 GHz wireless via USB dongle DPI Settings: 800 / 1,200 / 1,600 DPI (adjustable) Buttons: 3 standard buttons + clickable scroll wheel (4 keys total) Range: Up to 10 m wireless connectivity Material/Design: Lightweight (67–130 g, depending on source), ergonomic ABS plastic body, magnetic base or “super magnetic absorption” design Operating Range: ≈10 m Silent Clicks: Quiet operation—silent key action Dimensions: Approx. 108 × 64 × 36 mm Weight: 67 g cited by Star Tech and 130 g by others—likely lighter in official spec Compatibility: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, etc. Plug-and-play, no driver needed
The Stylus Pen is an active capacitive stylus pen designed for smooth and precise writing on all capacitive touchscreens. Featuring a superfine copper nib, palm rejection, and rechargeable battery, it’s perfect for note-taking, drawing, and everyday touchscreen use with iPads, iPhones, tablets, and smartphones. The Superfine Nib Active Capacitive Stylus Pen (Silver) is built for users who want accurate and smooth writing on touchscreens without needing Bluetooth or an app. Its superfine elastic copper tip provides delicate strokes while helping protect your screen from scratches. With palm rejection support, rechargeable battery, and one-click operation, it’s ideal for students, professionals, and creators using iPads, iPhones, and other capacitive touchscreen devices. Superfine Copper Nib for smooth writing and accurate strokes Palm Rejection Technology for comfortable writing experience No Bluetooth / No App Required – one-click operation Rechargeable Battery with up to 10 hours working time Magnetic Cap Design prevents loss and keeps the pen protected Compatible with iOS & All Capacitive Touchscreens Lightweight & Portable ideal for travel, school, and office use Compatible with all capacitive touchscreen devices, including iPad Pro, iPad Mini, iPad Air, and iPhones (11 series and earlier generations), plus most Android tablets and touchscreen phones.
256GB SSD Apple Macbook Pro Air 2013 2014 2015 A1502 A1398 A1466 A1465 | Samsung MZ-JPU512T/A06 | 655-1805D ORIGINAL APPLE PART (Apple sources their SSD’s for MacBooks from Samsung) A1502 – A1398 – A1465 – A1466 100% TESTED WORKING Please check compatibility below before you make your purchase: COMPATIBILITY: MacBook Pro Retina Late 2013 – Mid-2015 MacBookPro11,1 (A1502) – ME864LL/A, ME866LL/A, ME867LL/A, MGX72LL/A, MGX92LL/A, & MGXD2LL/A MacBookPro11,2 (A1398) – ME293LL/A & MGXA2LL/A MacBookPro11,3 (A1398) – ME294LL/A, ME874LL/A, MGXC2LL/A, & MGXG2LL/A MacBookPro11,4 (A1398) – MJLQ2LL/A MacBookPro11,5 (A1398) – MJLT2LL/A & MJLU2LL/A MacBookPro12,1 (A1502) – MF839LL/A, MF841LL/A, & MF843LL/A MacBook Air Mid-2013 – Late 2015 MacBookAir6,1 (A1465) – MD711LL/A, MD760LL/A, MD711LL/B, & MF067LL/A MacBookAir6,2 (A1466) – MD760LL/A, MD760LL/B, & MF068LL/A MacBookAir7,1 (A1465) – MJMVM2LL/A MacBookAir7,2 (A1466) – MJVE2LL/A Model Identifier: Samsung Manufacturer Part# MZ-JPU512T/A06
A next-generation Wi-Fi 6 router delivering AX1500 speeds (1201 Mbps on 5GHz + 300 Mbps on 2.4GHz), 4 high-performance antennas, and Gigabit ports—ideal for 2–3 bedroom homes needing faster speeds, lower latency, and seamless connectivity for 100+ devices. The TP-Link Archer AX12 is a powerful Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) dual-band router engineered for modern connected homes. With a combined speed of AX1500—delivering up to 1201 Mbps on the 5GHz band and 300 Mbps on the 2.4GHz band—it provides significantly faster throughput, reduced latency, and improved capacity compared to older Wi-Fi standards. Powered by a 1 GHz dual-core processor and equipped with four fixed high-performance antennas, the Archer AX12 delivers strong, stable coverage throughout 2–3 bedroom homes, eliminating dead zones and buffering. Advanced beamforming technology focuses Wi-Fi signals directly toward connected devices for clearer, stronger connections—even at greater distances. OFDMA + MU-MIMO: Efficiently serves multiple devices simultaneously—perfect for households with smartphones, laptops, smart TVs, and IoT devices connected at once (supports 100+ devices). www.wifi-stock.com WPA3 Security: Next-generation encryption for stronger protection against unauthorized access and cyber threats. www.amazon.in Backward Compatibility: Works seamlessly with all existing Wi-Fi devices (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax). www.tp-link.com Wired connectivity includes one Gigabit WAN port and three Gigabit LAN ports for high-speed connections to desktops, game consoles, NAS devices, or smart TVs. Parental Controls: Set schedules, filter content, and manage screen time per device QoS (Quality of Service): Prioritize bandwidth for video calls, gaming, or streaming TP-Link Tether App: Easy setup and management from your smartphone
Lenovo Battery L15L4A01 Battery for Lenovo V4400 Ideapad 100-14IBD 100-15IBD 110-15ISK 110-17ACL 110-17IKB 300-15ABM 300-15IBR 300-15IBY 300-15IBR 300-15IBY 300-15IBY 300-15ISK 300-17ISK 80Q70021US 80UD Lenovo Battery L15L4A01 Battery for Lenovo V4400 Ideapad 100-14IBD 100-15IBD 110-15ISK 110-17ACL 110-17IKB 300-15ABM 300-15IBR 300-15IBY 300-15IBR 300-15IBY 300-15IBY 300-15ISK 300-17ISK 80Q70021US 80UD[14.8V 33Wh] About this item Battery type: Li-ion, voltage: 14.4 V, capacity: 32 Wh, color: black Compatible Part Number:5B10H70338 5B10H70339 5B10H70340 5B10H70341 5B10H71978 5B10H71979 5B10K02215 5B10K02218 5B10 KK0221 9 5B10K80878 5B10L04213 5B10L12769 5B10L12770 5B10L12771 5B10L30040 5B10L30041 L15L4A01 L15L4E. 01 L1 L5M4A01 L15M4E01 L15S4A01 L15S4E01 Fits Model: Lenovo Ideapad 110-15ISK Series Tablet 80UD 80UD001TUS; 100-14IBD 100-15IBD 110-15ISK 110-17ACL 110-17IKB 300-15ABM 300-15IBR 300-15IBR 300-15IBR 300-15 IBY 300 -15IBR 300-15IBY 300-15IBY 300-15ISK 300 -17ISK 80RJ 80RK 80MJ 80QQ 80UD 80NL 80M3 80Q7 80QH New from manufacturer. CE/FCC/RoHS certified for safety.
TT03XL Laptop Battery Compatible with Hp EliteBook 850 G5 850 G6 ZBook 15U G5 15U G6 Series Notebook 932824-2C1 933322-855 932824-421 HSTNN-LB8H HSTNN-DB8K 11.55V 56Wh 4610mAh About this item 【Battery type】Li-ion. Voltage: 11.55V. Capacity: 56Wh 4610mAh. 【Replacement For Laptop】Hp EliteBook 850 G5 G6, ZBook 15U G5 G6 Series . 【Compatible Part Number】TT03XL 932824-2C1 933322-855 932824-421 HSTNN-LB8H HSTNN-DB8K TTO3XL. 【Connector】Before placing your order, Please refer to the picture and check it. Because the products produced by different factories will have differences in size, cable length, interface, etc. 【Use Skills】If the new battery is not recognized during the initial installation, please reinstall and check if the interface is fully connected. Discharge the new battery to 5% (not 0%), then charge and cycle 3-4 times to wake up the new battery.
Apple 96W USB Type-C Power Adapter | MX0J2
The Apple Magic Mouse (USB-C version) is a sleek, minimalist multi-touch wireless mouse built for Mac users. It offers smooth gesture support, Bluetooth connectivity and a built-in rechargeable battery — a great choice if you prefer a clean desk setup and full compatibility with macOS and iPadOS. General Name: Magic Mouse (USB-C) — part of Apple’s pointing-device lineup. Wireless connectivity: Bluetooth. Rechargeable battery: built-in, no disposable AA cells. Charging / port: USB-C port (bottom of mouse) for pairing and charging. Compatibility: Requires a Mac with macOS 15.1 or later, or an iPad with iPadOS 18.1 or later. Size & Weight Height: ~0.85 inch (2.16 cm) Width: ~2.25 inch (5.71 cm) Depth: ~4.47 inch (11.35 cm) Weight: ~0.22 pound (0.099 kg) (varies slightly by manufacturing) Features Multi-Touch surface: supports gestures such as swiping between pages, scrolling through documents, zooming. Glide / foot design: optimized for smooth movement across desktop surfaces. Rechargeable battery life: about a month or more between charges (typical use) per Apple spec. Used Condition ConsiderationsSince you’re specifying a used unit: Check for wear on the bottom feet / skates — these degrade and affect glide. Verify battery capacity / health (rechargeable batteries age). Confirm the port is functioning (USB-C) and Bluetooth connectivity is stable. Look for signs of excessive surface scratches on the multi-touch top — may impair gestures. Ensure the firmware / Mac recognizes it fully (gestures working). Upgradability / Limitations Not user-upgradable: You cannot replace the internal battery or change internals easily. Design limitation: The USB-C port remains on the bottom of the mouse, meaning you cannot use it while charging unless you flip it. This design is still criticized. Ergonomics: The flat, low-profile design is stylish but may not suit extended-use comfort for some users.
Genuine-spec keyboard replacement for MacBook Air 13″ (Model A2179, 2020, Intel) — choose US QWERTY or UK QWERTY (with £ symbol). Features Apple’s reliable scissor-switch mechanism, backlighting, and OEM-fit design for seamless performance and aesthetics. Compatible With: MacBook Air 13-inch (2020, Model A2179, EMC 3597) with Intel Core i3/i5/i7 processors (non-M1). Layout Options (select at purchase): US Layout: Standard QWERTY with wide Enter key, @ above 2, # above 3, and full inverted-T arrow keys. UK Layout: QWERTY with £ symbol, tall vertical Enter key, @ accessed via right Alt, and UK-specific punctuation—matches Apple’s official UK regional configuration. US Layout: Standard QWERTY with wide Enter key, @ above 2, # above 3, and full inverted-T arrow keys. UK Layout: QWERTY with £ symbol, tall vertical Enter key, @ accessed via right Alt, and UK-specific punctuation—matches Apple’s official UK regional configuration. Keyboard Type: Traditional scissor-switch mechanism (not Butterfly, not Magic Keyboard)—robust, tactile, and serviceable, with good key travel and proven durability. Integrated Features: Full backlit keys for low-light use Ambient light sensor compatibility OEM-style ribbon cable pre-attached for direct logic board connection Full backlit keys for low-light use Ambient light sensor compatibility OEM-style ribbon cable pre-attached for direct logic board connection Precision Build: Molded to exact Apple specifications—ensures flush mounting, consistent key alignment, and seamless integration into the original top case. Installation Note: Keyboard is screw-mounted with light adhesive—more accessible than glued Butterfly/Magic keyboards. Requires top case access and battery disconnect. Suitable for intermediate DIYers or professional technicians. Important: This is keyboard only—does not include the top case, battery, trackpad, or logic board. Not compatible with M1 MacBook Air (A2337/A2338) or M2 models (A2681/A2941). This is keyboard only—does not include the top case, battery, trackpad, or logic board. Not compatible with M1 MacBook Air (A2337/A2338) or M2 models (A2681/A2941). Model Verification: Confirm your device is MacBook Air A2179 (13″, Intel, 2020) via > About This Mac > Model Identifier (e.g., MacBookAir9,1).
Genuine-spec bilingual UK/Arabic layout keyboard replacement for MacBook Pro 13″ (Model A1708, 2016–2017)—featuring Apple’s second-generation Butterfly mechanism, backlighting, and OEM fit for seamless typing in both English and Arabic. Compatible With: MacBook Pro 13-inch with Touch Bar (2016 & 2017 models, A1708, Model Identifiers MacBookPro13,1 / MacBookPro14,1). Layout: Bilingual UK/Arabic—primary legends in Arabic, secondary (top-left) legends in UK English (QWERTY). Includes £ symbol, Arabic numerals (٠١٢٣…), and standard Arabic character set aligned with Apple’s regional configuration. Keyboard Type: Apple’s 2nd-generation Butterfly mechanism—thin profile with reduced key travel; requires careful handling and clean environment during installation. Integrated Features: Backlit keys (essential for low-light use—legends remain legible) Ambient light sensor support Original-style ribbon cable connector for direct logic board attachment Backlit keys (essential for low-light use—legends remain legible) Ambient light sensor support Original-style ribbon cable connector for direct logic board attachment Build & Fit: Precision-engineered to match Apple’s original dimensions, key alignment, and top-case curvature—ensures consistent actuation and aesthetic continuity. Installation Note: Keyboard is fully glued into the top case. Replacement requires complete disassembly, meticulous adhesive removal, and professional re-gluing. Recommended for certified or highly experienced technicians only.
